"""
            ),
        ] = None,
        description: Annotated[
            Optional[str],
            Doc(
                """
                Security scheme description.

                It will be included in the generated OpenAPI (e.g. visible at `/docs`).
                """
            ),
        ] = None,
        auto_error: Annotated[
            bool,
            Doc(

        elt = self.element.find('sts:{}'.format(name), _STS_NS)
        return STSElement(self.root_name, elt) if elt is not None else None

    def get_child_text(self, name, strict=True):
        """Extract text of a child element. If strict, and child element is
        not present, raises InvalidXMLError and otherwise returns
        None.

        """
        if strict:
            try:

}

#result .site cite {
	color: #093;
	font-style: normal;
}

#result .more {
	display: none;
}

#result .info {
	font-size: 80%;
}

#result .url-copy {
	color: #007bff;
}

#result .url-copied {
	color: #2c974b;
}

#result .favorited {
	display: none;
}

#result .favorited i {
	color: #fab005;
}

#result .thumbnail {
	width: 100px;

/// note

FastAPI will know that the value of `q` is not required because of the default value `= None`.

The `str | None` (Python 3.10+) or `Union` in `Union[str, None]` (Python 3.8+) is not used by FastAPI to determine that the value is not required, it will know it's not required because it has a default value of `= None`.

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Item = Body(
        openapi_examples={
            "normal": {
                "summary": "A normal example",

                    <mxGeometry width="500" height="350" as="geometry"/>
                </mxCell>
                <mxCell id="90" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;dashed=1;startArrow=none;startFill=0;endArrow=classic;endFill=1;strokeWidth=3;" parent="1" source="101" target="32" edge="1">

from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings


class LabelSettings(BaseModel):
    await_label: str | None = None
    number: int


default_config = {"approved-2": LabelSettings(await_label="awaiting-review", number=2)}


class Settings(BaseSettings):
    github_repository: str
    token: SecretStr
    debug: bool | None = False
    config: dict[str, LabelSettings] | Literal[""] = default_config


settings = Settings()

* `limit=10`：使用默认值

## 可选参数

同理，把默认值设为 `None` 即可声明**可选的**查询参数：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

本例中，查询参数 `q` 是可选的，默认值为 `None`。

/// check | "检查"

        "item_id": 5,
        "item": {
            "name": "Foo",
            "price": 50.5,
            "description": None,
            "tax": None,
        },
        "q": "bar",
    }


@needs_py39
def test_post_no_body_q_bar(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5, "q": "bar"}


@needs_py39

    [
        ("/items", None, 200, {"ads_id": None}),
        ("/items", {"ads_id": "ads_track"}, 200, {"ads_id": "ads_track"}),
        (
            "/items",
            {"ads_id": "ads_track", "session": "cookiesession"},
            200,
            {"ads_id": "ads_track"},
        ),
        ("/items", {"session": "cookiesession"}, 200, {"ads_id": None}),
    ],
)