Kotlin, Groovy, Java, and other JVM-based languages should be able to use the Gradle API without relying on another language's standard library.

Historically, Gradle has shipped with some Groovy types in very prominent APIs.
This required the Kotlin DSL to add special integration to work with Groovy closures.
This has also forced plugins written in languages other than Groovy to use Groovy types for some APIs.

    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None

    class Config:
        schema_extra = {
            "examples": [
                {
                    "name": "Foo",
                    "description": "A very nice Item",
                    "price": 35.4,
                    "tax": 3.2,
                }
            ]
        }


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

async def update_item(
    item_id: int,
    item: Annotated[
        Item,
        Body(
            examples=[
                {
                    "name": "Foo",
                    "description": "A very nice Item",
                    "price": 35.4,
                    "tax": 3.2,
                }
            ],
        ),
    ],
):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

This is just a **quick tutorial / refresher** about Python type hints. It covers only the minimum necessary to use them with **FastAPI**... which is actually very little.

**FastAPI** is all based on these type hints, they give it many advantages and benefits.

But even if you never use **FastAPI**, you would benefit from learning a bit about them.

/// note

* Fixes a bug in HPA controller so HPAs are always updated every resyncPeriod (15 seconds). ([#72373](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/72373), [@krzysztof-jastrzebski](https://github.com/krzysztof-jastrzebski))

async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Annotated[
        Item,
        Body(
            examples=[
                {
                    "name": "Foo",
                    "description": "A very nice Item",
                    "price": 35.4,
                    "tax": 3.2,
                },
                {
                    "name": "Bar",
                    "price": "35.4",
                },

This is normally the best way to contribute to the project.

## External Contributions

External contributions are very welcome and appreciated, including answering questions, submitting PRs, etc. 🙇‍♂️

   */
  @IgnoreJRERequirement // Users will use this only if they're already using streams.
  public static ImmutableLongArray copyOf(LongStream stream) {
    // Note this uses very different growth behavior from copyOf(Iterable) and the builder.
    long[] array = stream.toArray();
    return (array.length == 0) ? EMPTY : new ImmutableLongArray(array);
  }

  /**

   *
   * @since 22.0 (but only since 33.4.0 in the Android flavor)
   */
  public static ImmutableIntArray copyOf(IntStream stream) {
    // Note this uses very different growth behavior from copyOf(Iterable) and the builder.
    int[] array = stream.toArray();
    return (array.length == 0) ? EMPTY : new ImmutableIntArray(array);
  }

  /**

/**
 * Immutable identifier of a {@link TransferResource}.
 * The {@link TransferResource} is not immutable and does not implement {@code Objects#equals} and {@code Objects#hashCode} methods,
 * making it not very suitable for usage in collections.
 */
record TransferResourceIdentifier(
        String repositoryId,
        String repositoryUrl,
        String resourceName,
        @Nullable Path file) {