final SsoMessageException exception = new SsoMessageException(messageCode, message, middleCause);

        // Verify cause chain
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_emptyMessage() {
        // Setup
        final String message = "";

        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            assertEquals("Wrapper exception", e.getMessage());
            assertNotNull(e.getCause());
            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof FessUserNotFoundException);
            assertEquals("User is not found: testuser", e.getCause().getMessage());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void test_multipleInstances() {

            assertEquals(1, result.intValue());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Expected behavior when components are not fully initialized
            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof NullPointerException || e.getCause() instanceof ContainerNotAvailableException);
        } finally {
            tempPropFile.delete();
        }
    }

    @Test

     */
    @Test
    void testDefaultConstructor() {
        PACDecodingException e = new PACDecodingException();
        // Expect null message and null cause
        assertNull(e.getMessage());
        assertNull(e.getCause());
    }

    /**
     * Test the constructor with a message.
     */
    @Test
    void testMessageConstructor() {
        String errorMessage = "This is a test error message.";

        assertEquals("dbConnection", topException.getComponentName());
        assertEquals(middleCause, topException.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, topException.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        String componentName = "cacheManager";
        try {

        InvalidAccessTokenException exception = new InvalidAccessTokenException(type, message);

        assertEquals(type, exception.getType());
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullType() {
        // Test constructor with null type
        String type = null;
        String message = "Token validation failed";

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals("Not Found: http://example.com/child Parent: http://example.com/parent", exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullParentUrl() {
        // Test with null parent URL
        String parentUrl = null;
        String url = "http://example.com/child";

        // Assert - message and cause are null
        assertNull(ex.getMessage(), "Default constructor should have null message");
        assertNull(ex.getCause(), "Default constructor should have null cause");

        // Assert - toString shows class name when message is null
        assertEquals(SMBProtocolDowngradeException.class.getName(), ex.toString());

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withEmptyMessage() {
        // Test with empty message
        String message = "";
        UnsupportedSearchException exception = new UnsupportedSearchException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test

        CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException exception = new CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException();

        // Then
        assertNull(exception.getMessage(), "Default constructor should have null message");
        assertNull(exception.getCause(), "Default constructor should have null cause");
        assertTrue(exception instanceof RuntimeCIFSException, "Should extend RuntimeCIFSException");