}

	var result Language
	if err := DB.Find(&result, "code = ?", lang.Code).Error; err != nil || result.Name != lang.Name {
		t.Fatalf("failed to upsert, got name %v", result.Name)
	}

	if name := DB.Dialector.Name(); name != "sqlserver" {
		type RestrictedLanguage struct {
			Code string `gorm:"primarykey"`
			Name string
			Lang string `gorm:"<-:create"`
		}

	}

	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
		t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", toJSONString(got), toJSONString(want))
	}
}

func TestManyToManyPreloadWithMultiPrimaryKeys(t *testing.T) {
	if name := DB.Dialector.Name(); name == "sqlite" || name == "sqlserver" {
		t.Skip("skip sqlite, sqlserver due to it doesn't support multiple primary keys with auto increment")
	}

	type (
		Level1 struct {