static int readInt2(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {
        return ((src[srcIndex] & 0xFF) << 8) + (src[srcIndex + 1] & 0xFF);
    }

    static int readInt4(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {
        return ((src[srcIndex] & 0xFF) << 24) + ((src[srcIndex + 1] & 0xFF) << 16) + ((src[srcIndex + 2] & 0xFF) << 8)
                + (src[srcIndex + 3] & 0xFF);
    }

    static int readNameTrnId(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {

    static int readInt2(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {
        return ((src[srcIndex] & 0xFF) << 8) + (src[srcIndex + 1] & 0xFF);
    }

    static int readInt4(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {
        return ((src[srcIndex] & 0xFF) << 24) + ((src[srcIndex + 1] & 0xFF) << 16) + ((src[srcIndex + 2] & 0xFF) << 8)
                + (src[srcIndex + 3] & 0xFF);
    }

    static int readNameTrnId(final byte[] src, final int srcIndex) {

        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF }, dst, "Negative sid should wrap to 0xFFFF");
    }

    @Test
    void testWriteParameterWordsWithOffset() {
        byte[] dst = new byte[5];
        int written = instance.writeParameterWordsWireFormat(dst, 3);
        assertEquals(2, written);
        assertEquals((byte) (TEST_SID & 0xFF), dst[3]);
        assertEquals((byte) ((TEST_SID >> 8) & 0xFF), dst[4]);

                assertTrue(flag >= 0x00 && flag <= 0xFF,
                        String.format("Fragment flag 0x%02X should be in valid byte range 0x00-0xFF", flag));
            }
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("RPC packet flags should be within byte range")
        void testRpcPacketFlagsRange() {
            // Verify that RPC packet flags are within byte range (0x00-0xFF)

    val version = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    if (version != VERSION_5) throw ProtocolException("unexpected version: $version")

    val command = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff

    val reserved = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    if (reserved != 0) throw ProtocolException("unexpected reserved: $reserved")

    val addressType = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    val toAddress =
      when (addressType) {

        baos.write(value & 0xFF);
        baos.write((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
        baos.write((value >> 16) & 0xFF);
        baos.write((value >> 24) & 0xFF);
    }

    private void writeLittleEndianLong(ByteArrayOutputStream baos, long value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
            baos.write((int) ((value >> (i * 8)) & 0xFF));
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testEmptyPac() {

        testBuffer[0] = (byte) 0xFF; // Non-zero = Deny
        testBuffer[1] = (byte) 0xFF; // All flags
        testBuffer[2] = (byte) 0xFF; // Size low byte
        testBuffer[3] = (byte) 0xFF; // Size high byte
        testBuffer[4] = (byte) 0xFF; // Access mask all bits
        testBuffer[5] = (byte) 0xFF;
        testBuffer[6] = (byte) 0xFF;
        testBuffer[7] = (byte) 0xFF;

        // Add minimal SID data

        byte[] dst = new byte[4];

        SMB1SigningDigest.writeUTime(mockConfig, 0L, dst, 0);

        assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[0]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[1]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[2]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[3]);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test writeUTime with max time")
    void testWriteUTimeWithMaxTime() {

        // Then
        assertEquals(6, result);
        assertEquals(fid, (dst[1] << 8) | (dst[0] & 0xFF));
        assertEquals(Trans2SetFileInformation.SMB_FILE_BASIC_INFO, (dst[3] << 8) | (dst[2] & 0xFF));
        assertEquals(0, (dst[5] << 8) | (dst[4] & 0xFF));
    }

    @Test
    void testWriteDataWireFormat() {
        // Given

    }

    static int readULong(final byte[] src, final int index) {
        return src[index] & 0xff | (src[index + 1] & 0xff) << 8 | (src[index + 2] & 0xff) << 16 | (src[index + 3] & 0xff) << 24;
    }

    static int readUShort(final byte[] src, final int index) {
        return src[index] & 0xff | (src[index + 1] & 0xff) << 8;
    }

    static byte[] readSecurityBuffer(final byte[] src, final int index) {