// Ensure the AvPair's internal raw array is not affected (defensive copy not made)
        // This test assumes that the AvPair constructor does NOT make a defensive copy of the raw array.
        // If a defensive copy were made, this test would fail, and the behavior would be more robust.
        // Given the current implementation, direct modification of the passed array affects the AvPair.

				return
			}
			buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
			if _, err := io.Copy(buf, r); err != nil {
				continue
			}
			files = append(files, file{header: hdr, content: buf.Bytes()})
		}

		// If we were unable to read anything out of the archive don't
		// bother trying to roundtrip it.
		if len(files) == 0 {
			return
		}

		out := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
		w := NewWriter(out)
		for _, f := range files {

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial009c_py310.py hl[9:14,17] *}

現在，不再是回傳：

```json
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

...這個回應會回傳：

```json
{
  "message": "Hello World"
}
```

當然，你大概能找到比格式化 JSON 更好的方式來利用這個能力。😉

### `orjson` 或回應模型 { #orjson-or-response-model }

                    doneLatch.countDown();
                }
            }).start();
        }

        startLatch.countDown();
        doneLatch.await();

        // Verify all items were polled exactly once
        assertEquals(itemsPerThread * numThreads, totalPolled.get());
        assertEquals(itemsPerThread * numThreads, allUrls.size());

        urlQueueService.delete(sessionId);
    }

    had a severe bug where web sockets were closed on the wrong thread, which caused
    `NullPointerException` crashes in `Deflater`.

 *  Fix: Don't crash after a web socket fails its connection upgrade. We incorrectly released
    the web socket's connections back to the pool before their resources were cleaned up.

versions of FastAPI before 0.99.0 (0.99.0 and above use the newer OpenAPI 3.1.0) when you used `example` or `examples` with any of the other utilities (`Query()`, `Body()`, etc.) those examples were not added to the JSON Schema that describes that data (not even to OpenAPI's own version of JSON Schema), they were added directly to the *path operation* declaration in OpenAPI (outside the parts of OpenAPI that use JSON Schema).

But now that FastAPI 0.99.0 and above uses OpenAPI 3.1.0, that uses...

        authenticationManager.addChain(chain1);
        authenticationManager.addChain(chain2);
        authenticationManager.addChain(chain3);

        // Verify all chains were added by testing their effect
        User user = createTestUser("testuser");
        authenticationManager.insert(user);

        assertEquals(1, chain1.updateCallCount);
        assertEquals(1, chain2.updateCallCount);

	}

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Post{}, &Category{}, "post_categories")
	DB.AutoMigrate(&Post{}, &Category{})

	post := Post{
		Title: "Hello World",
		Categories: []*Category{
			{Title: "Coding"},
			{Title: "Golang"},
		},
	}

	if err := DB.Create(&post).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed, got error: %v", err)
	}
}

## Example

### Create it

Create a file `main.py` with:

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

## 範例 { #example }

### 建立 { #create-it }

建立檔案 `main.py`，內容如下：

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>或使用 <code>async def</code>...</summary>