///

### Async Olmayan Path Operation Fonksiyonları { #non-async-path-operation-functions }

Normal `def` fonksiyonlarını (yani `async` olmadan) da kullanabilir ve aynı şekilde `yield` kullanabilirsiniz.

FastAPI, event loop'u bloke etmeyecek şekilde doğru biçimde çalışmasını sağlar.

Bu örnekte fonksiyon async olmadığı için doğru dönüş tipi `Iterable[Item]` olur:

# Without aliases


@app.post("/required-str", operation_id="required_str")
async def read_required_str(p: Annotated[str, Body(embed=True)]):
    return {"p": p}


class BodyModelRequiredStr(BaseModel):
    p: str


@app.post("/model-required-str", operation_id="model_required_str")
async def read_model_required_str(p: BodyModelRequiredStr):
    return {"p": p.p}


@pytest.mark.parametrize(

# Without aliases


@app.post("/optional-list-bytes")
async def read_optional_list_bytes(p: Annotated[list[bytes] | None, File()] = None):
    return {"file_size": [len(file) for file in p] if p else None}


@app.post("/optional-list-uploadfile")
async def read_optional_list_uploadfile(
    p: Annotated[list[UploadFile] | None, File()] = None,
):

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, Form
from starlette.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/urlencoded")
async def post_url_encoded(age: Annotated[int | None, Form()] = None):
    return age


@app.post("/multipart")
async def post_multi_part(
    age: Annotated[int | None, Form()] = None,
    file: Annotated[bytes | None, File()] = None,
):
    return {"file": file, "age": age}

48(CX), X0 AESENC X0, X1 AESENC X0, X2 AESENC X0, X3 AESENC X0, X4 AESENC X0, X5 AESENC X0, X6 AESENC X0, X7 AESENC X0, X8 MOVUPS 64(CX), X0 AESENC X0, X1 AESENC X0, X2 AESENC X0, X3 AESENC X0, X4 AESENC X0, X5 AESENC X0, X6 AESENC X0, X7 AESENC X0, X8 MOVUPS 80(CX), X0 AESENC X0, X1 AESENC X0, X2 AESENC X0, X3 AESENC X0, X4 AESENC X0, X5 AESENC X0, X6 AESENC X0, X7 AESENC X0, X8 MOVUPS 96(CX), X0 AESENC X0, X1 AESENC X0, X2 AESENC X0, X3 AESENC X0, X4 AESENC X0, X5 AESENC X0, X6 AESENC X0, X7 AESENC...

# Without aliases


@app.get("/optional-str")
async def read_optional_str(p: Annotated[str | None, Cookie()] = None):
    return {"p": p}


class CookieModelOptionalStr(BaseModel):
    p: str | None = None


@app.get("/model-optional-str")
async def read_model_optional_str(p: Annotated[CookieModelOptionalStr, Cookie()]):
    return {"p": p.p}

`UploadFile` 具有以下 `async` 方法。它们都会在底层调用对应的文件方法（使用内部的 `SpooledTemporaryFile`）。

* `write(data)`：将 `data` (`str` 或 `bytes`) 写入文件。
* `read(size)`：读取文件中 `size` (`int`) 个字节/字符。
* `seek(offset)`：移动到文件中字节位置 `offset` (`int`)。
    * 例如，`await myfile.seek(0)` 会移动到文件开头。
    * 如果你先运行过 `await myfile.read()`，然后需要再次读取内容时，这尤其有用。
* `close()`：关闭文件。

由于这些方法都是 `async` 方法，你需要对它们使用 await。

例如，在 `async` *路径操作函数* 内，你可以这样获取内容：

@app.get(
    "/a",
    response_class=JsonApiResponse,
    responses={500: {"description": "Error", "model": JsonApiError}},
)
async def a():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


@app.get("/b", responses={500: {"description": "Error", "model": Error}})
async def b():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


client = TestClient(app)


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

BrokenSessionDep = Annotated[Session, Depends(broken_dep_session)]

app = FastAPI()


@app.websocket("/ws")
async def websocket_endpoint(websocket: WebSocket, session: SessionDep):
    await websocket.accept()
    for item in session:
        await websocket.send_text(f"{item}")


@app.websocket("/ws-broken")
async def websocket_endpoint_broken(websocket: WebSocket, session: BrokenSessionDep):
    await websocket.accept()

    async def app(scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
        session = WebSocket(scope, receive=receive, send=send)

        async def app(scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
            async with AsyncExitStack() as request_stack:
                scope["fastapi_inner_astack"] = request_stack
                async with AsyncExitStack() as function_stack: