## Detalhes técnicos { #technical-details }

Apenas um detalhe técnico para nerds curiosos. 🤓

Por baixo, na especificação técnica do ASGI, isso é parte do [Protocolo Lifespan](https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html), e define eventos chamados `startup` e `shutdown`.

/// info | Informação

- 編輯器支援（自動完成等），即使是巢狀模型
- 資料轉換
- 資料驗證
- 自動產生文件

## 特殊型別與驗證 { #special-types-and-validation }

除了 `str`、`int`、`float` 等一般的單一型別外，你也可以使用繼承自 `str` 的更複雜單一型別。

若要查看所有可用選項，請參閱 [Pydantic 的型別總覽](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/types/)。你會在下一章看到一些範例。

例如，在 `Image` 模型中有一個 `url` 欄位，我們可以將其宣告為 Pydantic 的 `HttpUrl`，而不是 `str`：

{* ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial005_py310.py hl[2,8] *}

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package event

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"encoding/xml"
)

// Name - event type enum.
// Refer http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/NotificationHowTo.html#notification-how-to-event-types-and-destinations
// for most basic values we have since extend this and its not really much applicable other than a reference point.

                val latest = fetchVersionsFromMavenMetadata(metadataUrl)
                    .maxByOrNull { VersionNumber.parse(it) }
                    ?: error("No version found for plugin $pluginId")

                TestedVersion(pluginId, latest)
            }

    private

    def minimumSupported = "1.9.10"

    def "latest patch version"() {
        given:
        def allVersions = ["2.0.30", "2.0.20", "2.0.10", "2.0.0"] + previousVersions

        when:
        def selected = UpdateKotlinVersions.selectVersionsFrom(minimumSupported, allVersions)

        then:
        selected == ["1.9.10", "1.9.25", "2.0.30"]
    }

    def "beta of latest patch version"() {
        given:

Pydantic'in v1'den v2'ye resmi bir [Migration Guide](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/)'ı vardır.

Ayrıca nelerin değiştiğini, validasyonların artık nasıl daha doğru ve katı olduğunu, olası dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları (caveat) vb. de içerir.

Nelerin değiştiğini daha iyi anlamak için okuyabilirsiniz.

## Testler { #tests }

## Офіційний посібник { #official-guide }

У Pydantic є офіційний [Посібник з міграції](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/) з v1 на v2.

Там описано, що змінилося, як перевірки тепер стали коректнішими та суворішими, можливі застереження тощо.

Прочитайте його, щоб краще зрозуміти зміни.

## Тести { #tests }

      purge:
          # retainVersions: 0 # (default) delete all versions of the object. This option is the fastest.
          # retainVersions: 5 # keep the latest 5 versions of the object.
  
    - type: deleted # objects with delete marker as their latest version
      name: NAME # match object names that satisfy the wildcard expression.
      olderThan: 10h # match objects older than this value (e.g. 7d10h31s)

	if s == nil {
		return nil
	}
	if s.Start == nil && s.End == nil {
		// This parameter is optional, but when specified, it must not be empty.
		// Ref: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_SelectObjectContent.html#AmazonS3-SelectObjectContent-request-ScanRange
		return errors.New("ScanRange: No Start or End specified")
	}
	if s.Start == nil || s.End == nil {
		return nil
	}

Además de tipos singulares normales como `str`, `int`, `float`, etc., puedes usar tipos singulares más complejos que heredan de `str`.

Para ver todas las opciones que tienes, Revisa [Resumen de tipos de Pydantic](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/types/). Verás algunos ejemplos en el siguiente capítulo.

Por ejemplo, como en el modelo `Image` tenemos un campo `url`, podemos declararlo como una instance de `HttpUrl` de Pydantic en lugar de un `str`: