without stabilizing these new APIs first.

    Do not use these experimental APIs in modules that may be executed using a version of OkHttp
    different from the version that the module was compiled with. Do not use them in published
    libraries. Do not use them if you aren't willing to track changes to them.

 *  Breaking: Drop support for Kotlin Multiplatform.

   * throws a {@link NullPointerException}.
   *
   * <p>To find the first non-null element in an iterable, use {@code Iterables.find(iterable,
   * Predicates.notNull())}. For varargs, use {@code Iterables.find(Arrays.asList(a, b, c, ...),
   * Predicates.notNull())}, static importing as necessary.
   *

@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Or use <code>async def</code>...</summary>

If your code uses `async` / `await`, use `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")

     *
     * @param parser
     *            The {@link SAXParser} to use. Must not be {@literal null}.
     * @param inputSource
     *            The {@link InputSource} containing the content to be parsed. Must not be {@literal null}.
     * @param handler
     *            The SAX {@link DefaultHandler} to use. Must not be {@literal null}.
     */

/// tip

**GraphQL** solves some very specific use cases.

It has **advantages** and **disadvantages** when compared to common **web APIs**.

Make sure you evaluate if the **benefits** for your use case compensate the **drawbacks**. 🤓

///

## GraphQL Libraries { #graphql-libraries }

Here are some of the **GraphQL** libraries that have **ASGI** support. You could use them with **FastAPI**:

Use the chat only for other general conversations.

///

### Don't use the chat for questions { #dont-use-the-chat-for-questions }

    when the URL is malformed instead of returning null. Use this to avoid checking for null in
    situations where the input is known to be well-formed. We've also added `MediaType.get(String)`
    which is an exception-throwing alternative to `MediaType.parse(String)`.
 *  New: The `EventListener` API previewed in OkHttp 3.9 has graduated to a stable API. Use this
    interface to track metrics and monitor HTTP requests' size and duration.

This product includes software developed at Docker, Inc. (http://www.docker.com).

The following is courtesy of our legal counsel:


Use and transfer of Docker may be subject to certain restrictions by the
United States and other governments.  
It is your responsibility to ensure that your use and/or transfer does not
violate applicable laws. 

For more information, please see http://www.bis.doc.gov

<img src="/img/tutorial/query-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Forbid Extra Query Parameters { #forbid-extra-query-parameters }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the query parameters that you want to receive.

You can use Pydantic's model configuration to `forbid` any `extra` fields:

{* ../../docs_src/query_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

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Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use, reproduction, and 
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