///

That would generate a `dict` with only the data that was set when creating the `item` model, excluding default values.

Then you can use this to generate a `dict` with only the data that was set (sent in the request), omitting default values:

{* ../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002_py310.py hl[32] *}

### Using Pydantic's `update` parameter { #using-pydantics-update-parameter }

///

## Override the default exception handlers { #override-the-default-exception-handlers }

**FastAPI** has some default exception handlers.

These handlers are in charge of returning the default JSON responses when you `raise` an `HTTPException` and when the request has invalid data.

 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code
 * default} methods. Instead, it inherits their default implementations. When those implementations
 * invoke methods, they invoke methods on the {@code ForwardingSetMultimap}.
 *
 * @author Kurt Alfred Kluever

 */
public abstract class DictionaryItem {
    /** The unique identifier for this dictionary item */
    protected long id;

    /**
     * Default constructor for DictionaryItem.
     * Creates a new dictionary item with default values.
     */
    public DictionaryItem() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    /**
     * Gets the unique identifier for this dictionary item.
     *
     * @return the ID of this dictionary item

 * This class provides parsing capabilities for different types of Kerberos authorization data.
 */
public abstract class KerberosAuthData {

    /**
     * Default constructor for KerberosAuthData.
     */
    protected KerberosAuthData() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    /**
     * Parse Kerberos authorization data based on the authorization type.
     *
     * @param authType the type of authorization data

You probably read before that you can set a default [Response Status Code](../tutorial/response-status-code.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

But in some cases you need to return a different status code than the default.

## Use case { #use-case }

For example, imagine that you want to return an HTTP status code of "OK" `200` by default.

          exempt-pr-labels: "override-stale"
          #Limit the No. of API calls in one run default value is 30.
          operations-per-run: 1000
          days-before-issue-stale: 7
          days-before-issue-close: 7
          stale-issue-label: "stale"
          # reason for closed the issue default value is not_planned
          close-issue-reason: completed
          # List of labels to remove when issues/PRs unstale. 

     * @throws ProjectBuilderException if the project cannot be created
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an argument is {@code null} or invalid
     * @see #build(ProjectBuilderRequest)
     */
    @Nonnull
    default ProjectBuilderResult build(@Nonnull Session session, @Nonnull Source source)
            throws ProjectBuilderException {
        return build(ProjectBuilderRequest.build(session, source));
    }

    /**

 * <ul>
 *   <li>{@code merge} (default): Merges elements with matching names</li>
 *   <li>{@code append}: Adds elements as siblings</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Self combination modes (specified by {@code combine.self} attribute):</p>
 * <ul>
 *   <li>{@code merge} (default): Merges attributes and values</li>
 *   <li>{@code override}: Completely replaces the element</li>

    }

    // Test default values
    public void test_defaultValues() throws Exception {
        assertEquals("Default message should match", "{org.lastaflute.validator.constraints.UriType.message}", getDefaultMessage());
        assertEquals("Default groups should be empty", 0, getDefaultGroups().length);
        assertEquals("Default payload should be empty", 0, getDefaultPayload().length);
    }