bts := make([]byte, 0, v.Msgsize())
	bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	}
}

func BenchmarkUnmarshalMetricDescription(b *testing.B) {
	v := MetricDescription{}
	bts, _ := v.MarshalMsg(nil)
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {

	time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
	if lru.Cap() != 0 {
		t.Errorf("Expected lru to be empty, but it was not")
	}

}

func BenchmarkLRU_Rand_NoExpire(b *testing.B) {
	l := lru.NewLRU[int64, int64](8192, nil, 0)

	trace := make([]int64, b.N*2)
	for i := 0; i < b.N*2; i++ {
		trace[i] = getRand(b) % 32768
	}

	b.ResetTimer()

	var hit, miss int
	for i := 0; i < 2*b.N; i++ {
		if i%2 == 0 {

	bts := make([]byte, 0, v.Msgsize())
	bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	}
}

func BenchmarkUnmarshalmetacache(b *testing.B) {
	v := metacache{}
	bts, _ := v.MarshalMsg(nil)
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		_, err := v.UnmarshalMsg(bts)

			ops     fileOps
			wantCnt int64
			wantErr error
		}
		testRemaining struct { // logicalRemaining() == wantLCnt, physicalRemaining() == wantPCnt
			wantLCnt int64
			wantPCnt int64
		}
		testFnc any // testRead | testWriteTo | testRemaining
	)

	type (
		makeReg struct {
			str  string
			size int64
		}
		makeSparse struct {
			makeReg makeReg

	r      *io.PipeReader
	wg     *sync.WaitGroup
	buffer map[int64][]byte
	err    error

	nextOffset int64
	m          sync.Mutex
}

func (w *writerAt) WriteAt(b []byte, offset int64) (n int, err error) {
	w.m.Lock()
	defer w.m.Unlock()

	if w.nextOffset == offset {
		n, err = w.w.Write(b)
		w.nextOffset += int64(n)
	} else {
		if offset > w.nextOffset+ftpMaxWriteOffset {

		{bucketNames[0], objectNames[0], uploadIDs[0], 4, "mnop", "e132e96a5ddad6da8b07bba6f6131fef", int64(len("abcd"))},
		// Part with size larger than 5Mb.
		{bucketNames[0], objectNames[0], uploadIDs[0], 5, string(validPart), validPartMD5, int64(len(validPart))},
		{bucketNames[0], objectNames[0], uploadIDs[0], 6, string(validPart), validPartMD5, int64(len(validPart))},

}

// Test the predicted part size from the part index
func TestGetPartSizeFromIdx(t *testing.T) {
	// Create test cases
	testCases := []struct {
		totalSize    int64
		partSize     int64
		partIndex    int
		expectedSize int64
	}{
		// Total size is zero
		{0, 10, 1, 0},
		// part size 2MiB, total size 4MiB
		{4 * humanize.MiByte, 2 * humanize.MiByte, 1, 2 * humanize.MiByte},

type WarmBackendGetOpts struct {
	startOffset int64
	length      int64
}

// WarmBackend provides interface to be implemented by remote tier backends
type WarmBackend interface {
	Put(ctx context.Context, object string, r io.Reader, length int64) (remoteVersionID, error)
	PutWithMeta(ctx context.Context, object string, r io.Reader, length int64, meta map[string]string) (remoteVersionID, error)

			timeToResponse  time.Duration
			timeToFirstByte time.Duration
			outputBytes     int64 = -1 // -1: unknown output bytes
			headerBytes     int64
		)

		tc, ok := r.Context().Value(mcontext.ContextTraceKey).(*mcontext.TraceCtxt)
		if ok {
			statusCode = tc.ResponseRecorder.StatusCode
			outputBytes = int64(tc.ResponseRecorder.Size())
			headerBytes = int64(tc.ResponseRecorder.HeaderSize())

	if int64(len(b)) > fr.nb {
		b = b[:fr.nb]
	}
	if len(b) > 0 {
		n, err = fr.r.Read(b)
		fr.nb -= int64(n)
	}
	switch {
	case err == io.EOF && fr.nb > 0:
		return n, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
	case err == nil && fr.nb == 0:
		return n, io.EOF
	default:
		return n, err
	}
}

func (fr *regFileReader) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error) {