# Security Tools

When you need to declare dependencies with OAuth2 scopes you use `Security()`.

But you still need to define what is the dependable, the callable that you pass as a parameter to `Depends()` or `Security()`.

There are multiple tools that you can use to create those dependables, and they get integrated into OpenAPI so they are shown in the automatic docs UI, they can be used by automatically generated clients and SDKs, etc.

///

`oauth2_scheme` 🔢 👐 `OAuth2PasswordBearer`, ✋️ ⚫️ "🇧🇲".

⚫️ 💪 🤙:

```Python
oauth2_scheme(some, parameters)
```

, ⚫️ 💪 ⚙️ ⏮️ `Depends`.

### ⚙️ ⚫️

🔜 👆 💪 🚶‍♀️ 👈 `oauth2_scheme` 🔗 ⏮️ `Depends`.

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!../../docs_src/security/tutorial001.py!}
```

👉 🔗 🔜 🚚 `str` 👈 🛠️ 🔢 `token` *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*.

몇몇 경우에는, *경로 작동 함수* 안에서 의존성의 반환 값이 필요하지 않습니다.

또는 의존성이 값을 반환하지 않습니다.

그러나 여전히 실행/해결될 필요가 있습니다.

그런 경우에, `Depends`를 사용하여 *경로 작동 함수*의 매개변수로 선언하는 것보다 *경로 작동 데코레이터*에 `dependencies`의 `list`를 추가할 수 있습니다.

## *경로 작동 데코레이터*에 `dependencies` 추가하기

*경로 작동 데코레이터*는 `dependencies`라는 선택적인 인자를 받습니다.

`Depends()`로 된 `list`이어야합니다:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="19"

在高级使用场景中，如果不想使用「缓存」值，而是为需要在同一请求的每一步操作（多次）中都实际调用依赖项，可以把 `Depends` 的参数 `use_cache` 的值设置为 `False` :

```Python hl_lines="1"
async def needy_dependency(fresh_value: str = Depends(get_value, use_cache=False)):
    return {"fresh_value": fresh_value}
```

## 小结

千万别被本章里这些花里胡哨的词藻吓倒了，其实**依赖注入**系统非常简单。

依赖注入无非是与*路径操作函数*一样的函数罢了。

# o url      -- The URL for connecting database.
# o schema   -- The schema name.
# o user     -- The database user name.
# o password -- The database password.
# o propertiesMap -- The properties that depends on the database.
# o variousMap    -- The various settings about JDBC task.
#
# *The line that starts with '#' means comment-out.
#
map:{
    ; driver   = org.h2.Driver

 */

package gradlebuild.buildutils.tasks

import gradlebuild.basics.toLowerCase
import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction
import org.gradle.work.DisableCachingByDefault

@DisableCachingByDefault(because = "Depends on GitHub API")
abstract class UpdateContributorsInReleaseNotes : AbstractCheckOrUpdateContributorsInReleaseNotes() {
    @TaskAction
    fun update() {

<img src="/img/tutorial/websockets/image03.png">

您可以发送（和接收）多条消息：

<img src="/img/tutorial/websockets/image04.png">

所有这些消息都将使用同一个 WebSocket 连

接。

## 使用 `Depends` 和其他依赖项

在 WebSocket 端点中，您可以从 `fastapi` 导入并使用以下内容：

* `Depends`
* `Security`
* `Cookie`
* `Header`
* `Path`
* `Query`

它们的工作方式与其他 FastAPI 端点/ *路径操作* 相同：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="68-69  82"

 */
@Deprecated(since = "4.0.0")
public interface ModelBuildingEvent {

    /**
     * Gets the model being built. The precise state of this model depends on the event being fired.
     *
     * @return The model being built, never {@code null}.
     */
    Model getModel();

    /**
     * Gets the model building request being processed.
     *

	formatMetaVersionV1 = "1"
)

// format.json currently has the format:
// {
//   "version": "1",
//   "format": "XXXXX",
//   "XXXXX": {
//
//   }
// }
// Here "XXXXX" depends on the backend, currently we have "fs" and "xl" implementations.
// formatMetaV1 should be inherited by backend format structs. Please look at format-fs.go
// and format-xl.go for details.

```

## 現在のユーザーの注入

ですので、 `get_current_user` に対して同様に *path operation* の中で `Depends` を利用できます。

```Python hl_lines="31"
{!../../docs_src/security/tutorial002.py!}
```

Pydanticモデルの `User` として、 `current_user` の型を宣言することに注意してください。

その関数の中ですべての入力補完や型チェックを行う際に役に立ちます。

/// tip | "豆知識"

リクエストボディはPydanticモデルでも宣言できることを覚えているかもしれません。

ここでは `Depends` を使っているおかげで、 **FastAPI** が混乱することはありません。

///

/// check | "確認"