フォームからのデータは通常、`application/x-www-form-urlencoded`の「media type」を使用してエンコードされます。

しかし、フォームがファイルを含む場合は、`multipart/form-data`としてエンコードされます。ファイルの扱いについては次の章で説明します。

これらのエンコーディングやフォームフィールドの詳細については、<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/POST" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Mozilla Developer Network">MDN</abbr>の<code>POST</code></a>のウェブドキュメントを参照してください。

///

/// warning | "注意"

    }
  }

  private static boolean equal(@Nullable Object a, @Nullable Object b) {
    return a == b || (a != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  // This one-liner saves us from some ugly casts
  protected Entry<K, V> entry(K key, V value) {
    return mapEntry(key, value);
  }

  @Override
  protected void expectContents(Collection<Entry<K, V>> expected) {

                if ( ntlm == null )
                    return;
            }
            else {
                String auth = new String(Base64.decode(msg.substring(6)), "US-ASCII");
                int index = auth.indexOf(':');
                String user = ( index != -1 ) ? auth.substring(0, index) : auth;
                String password = ( index != -1 ) ? auth.substring(index + 1) : "";

 *
 * See [RFC 7234, 5.2](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.2).
 */
class CacheControl internal constructor(
  /**
   * In a response, this field's name "no-cache" is misleading. It doesn't prevent us from caching
   * the response; it only means we have to validate the response with the origin server before
   * returning it. We can do this with a conditional GET.
   *

     *
     * Note: We don't reset the interrupted bit, just wait for it to be set. If this is a thread
     * pool thread, the thread pool will reset it for us. Otherwise, the interrupted bit may have
     * been intended for something else, so don't clear it.
     */
    boolean restoreInterruptedBit = false;
    int spinCount = 0;
    // Interrupting Cow Says:

 *
 * (We could consider releasing a listenablefuture:1.0.1 someday. But we would want to look into how
 * that affects users, especially users of the Android Gradle Plugin, since the plugin developers
 * put in a special hack for us: https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/131431257)
 */
@DoNotMock("Use the methods in Futures (like immediateFuture) or SettableFuture")
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

      safeMax = -1;
      safeMin = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    this.safeMin = safeMin;
    this.safeMax = safeMax;

    // This is a bit of a hack but lets us do quicker per-character checks in
    // the fast path code. The safe min/max values are very unlikely to extend
    // into the range of surrogate characters, but if they do we must not test

Se você quiser ler mais sobre essas codificações e campos de formulário, vá para a <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/POST" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Mozilla Developer Network">MDN</abbr> web docs para <code>POST</code></a>.

///

/// warning | Aviso

* (Optionnellement) comprendre ce que vous, en tant que développeur, devez savoir sur HTTPS.
* Configurer un cluster en mode Docker Swarm avec HTTPS automatique, même sur un simple serveur à 5 dollars US/mois. En environ **20 min**.
* Générer et déployer une application **FastAPI** complète, en utilisant votre cluster Docker Swarm, avec HTTPS, etc. En environ **10 min**.

# WebSockets

您可以在 **FastAPI** 中使用 [WebSockets](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API)。

## 安装 `WebSockets`

首先，您需要安装 `WebSockets`：

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

## WebSockets 客户端

### 在生产环境中

在您的生产系统中，您可能使用现代框架（如React、Vue.js或Angular）创建了一个前端。

要使用 WebSockets 与后端进行通信，您可能会使用前端的工具。

或者，您可能有一个原生移动应用程序，直接使用原生代码与 WebSocket 后端通信。

或者，您可能有其他与 WebSocket 终端通信的方式。