```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10+ non-Annotated

/// tip

Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

///

```Python
{!> ../../docs_src/app_testing/app_b_py310/main.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+ non-Annotated

/// tip

Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

///

```Python

{!../../docs_src/dependency_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "提示"

**FastAPI** 应用中的任何位置都可以实现覆盖依赖项。

原依赖项可用于*路径操作函数*、*路径操作装饰器*（不需要返回值时）、`.include_router()` 调用等。

FastAPI 可以覆盖这些位置的依赖项。

///

然后，使用 `app.dependency_overrides` 把覆盖依赖项重置为空**字典**：

```Python
app.dependency_overrides = {}
```

/// tip | "提示"

如果只在某些测试时覆盖依赖项，您可以在测试开始时（在测试函数内）设置覆盖依赖项，并在结束时（在测试函数结尾）重置覆盖依赖项。

# Gelişmiş Güvenlik

## Ek Özellikler

[Tutorial - User Guide: Security](../../tutorial/security/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} sayfasında ele alınanların dışında güvenlikle ilgili bazı ek özellikler vardır.

/// tip | "İpucu"

Sonraki bölümler **mutlaka "gelişmiş" olmak zorunda değildir**.

Kullanım şeklinize bağlı olarak, çözümünüz bu bölümlerden birinde olabilir.

///

## Önce Öğreticiyi Okuyun

# Cabeçalhos de resposta

## Usando um parâmetro `Response`

Você pode declarar um parâmetro do tipo `Response` na sua *função de operação de rota* (assim como você pode fazer para cookies).

Então você pode definir os cabeçalhos nesse objeto de resposta *temporário*.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Request
```

/// tip

When you want to define dependencies that should be compatible with both HTTP and WebSockets, you can define a parameter that takes an `HTTPConnection` instead of a `Request` or a `WebSocket`.

///

Vous devriez le faire après avoir ajouté toutes vos *paramètres de chemin*.

```Python hl_lines="2  12-21  24"
{!../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// tip | "Astuce"

Si vous appelez manuellement `app.openapi()`, vous devez mettre à jour les `operationId` avant.

///

/// warning | "Attention"

	"net"
	"time"
)

// CheckPortAvailability - check if given host and port is already in use.
// Note: The check method tries to listen on given port and closes it.
// It is possible to have a disconnected client in this tiny window of time.
func CheckPortAvailability(host, port string, opts TCPOptions) (err error) {
	lc := &net.ListenConfig{}

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second)
	defer cancel()

# Omgevingsvariabelen

/// tip

Als je al weet wat "omgevingsvariabelen" zijn en hoe je ze kunt gebruiken, kun je deze stap gerust overslaan.

///

Een omgevingsvariabele (ook bekend als "**env var**") is een variabele die **buiten** de Python-code leeft, in het **besturingssysteem** en die door je Python-code (of door andere programma's) kan worden gelezen.

# Environment Variables

/// tip

If you already know what "environment variables" are and how to use them, feel free to skip this.

///

An environment variable (also known as "**env var**") is a variable that lives **outside** of the Python code, in the **operating system**, and could be read by your Python code (or by other programs as well).

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