* bound. However, it would also let them create `new TypeParameter<@Nullable T>() {}`, which
 * wouldn't behave as users might expect. Additionally, it's not clear how the TypeToken API could
 * support even a "normal" `TypeParameter<T>` when `<T>` has a nullable bound. (See the discussion
 * on TypeToken.where.) So, in the interest of failing fast and encouraging the user to switch to a

     * and delegates to the view helper's action hook.
     *
     * @param runtime the action runtime context
     * @return the action response, or null to continue with normal processing
     */
    @Override
    public ActionResponse godHandPrologue(final ActionRuntime runtime) {
        fessLoginAssist.getSavedUserBean().ifPresent(u -> {

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip

Notice that the testing functions are normal `def`, not `async def`.

And the calls to the client are also normal calls, not using `await`.

This allows you to use `pytest` directly without complications.

///

/// note | Technical Details

{* ../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,3,12:16] *}

Beachten Sie, dass die Parameter innerhalb der Funktion ihren natürlichen Datentyp haben und Sie beispielsweise normale Datumsmanipulationen durchführen können, wie zum Beispiel:

\":\"linear\"},\"labels\":{\"show\":true,\"truncate\":100},\"title\":{}}],\"valueAxes\":[{\"id\":\"ValueAxis-1\",\"name\":\"LeftAxis-1\",\"type\":\"value\",\"position\":\"left\",\"show\":true,\"style\":{},\"scale\":{\"type\":\"linear\",\"mode\":\"normal\"},\"labels\":{\"show\":true,\"rotate\":0,\"filter\":false,\"truncate\":100},\"title\":{\"text\":\"Query Count\"}}],\"seriesParams\":[{\"show\":\"true\",\"type\":\"histogram\",\"mode\":\"stacked\",\"data\":{\"label\":\"Query Count\",\"id\":\"1\"}...

{* ../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,3,12:16] *}

Note that the parameters inside the function have their natural data type, and you can, for example, perform normal date manipulations, like:

              "type": "linear"
            },
            "showPoints": "auto",
            "spanNulls": false,
            "stacking": {
              "group": "A",
              "mode": "normal"
            },
            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
            }
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",

Estas funciones están allí (en lugar de usar simplemente las clases directamente) para que tu editor no marque errores sobre sus tipos.

De esa forma puedes usar tu editor y herramientas de programación normales sin tener que agregar configuraciones personalizadas para omitir esos errores.

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WitnessClient.class);

    // Polling and backoff constants (in ms)
    private static final long MAX_POLL_INTERVAL = 5000; // Normal polling: max 5 seconds
    private static final long MAX_ERROR_BACKOFF = 30000; // Error polling: max 30 seconds
    private static final long BASE_POLL_INTERVAL = 1000;
    private static final long BASE_ERROR_DELAY = 1000;

# GraphQL { #graphql }

As **FastAPI** is based on the **ASGI** standard, it's very easy to integrate any **GraphQL** library also compatible with ASGI.

You can combine normal FastAPI *path operations* with GraphQL on the same application.

/// tip

**GraphQL** solves some very specific use cases.

It has **advantages** and **disadvantages** when compared to common **web APIs**.