}

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                        Small Helper
    //                                                                        ============
    //                                                                              JSP

","ins","kbd","label","legend","li","main","map","mark","marquee","menu","menuitem","meter","nav","nobr","ol","optgroup","option","output","p","picture","pre","progress","q","rp","rt","ruby","s","samp","search","section","select","shadow","slot","small","source","spacer","span","strike","strong","style","sub","summary","sup","table","tbody","td","template","textarea","tfoot","th","thead","time","tr","track","tt","u","ul","var","video","wbr"]),k=i(["svg","a","altglyph","altglyphdef","altglyphitem...

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should throw exception for buffer underrun")
        void testReadBytesWireFormatWithBufferUnderrun() {
            // Given
            byte[] buffer = new byte[59]; // One byte too small
            SMBUtil.writeInt2(60, buffer, 0);

            // When & Then
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
                response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);

            return entity;
        });
    }

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                        Small Helper
    //                                                                        ============
    //                                                                              JSP

            return entity;
        });
    }

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                        Small Helper
    //                                                                        ============
    /**
     * Verify that the CRUD mode matches the expected mode.
     * Throws validation error if modes don't match.

      sort(
          insertionOrder,
          new Comparator<V>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(V left, V right) {
              // The indexes are small enough for the subtraction trick to be safe.
              return indexOfEntryWithValue(left) - indexOfEntryWithValue(right);
            }

            int indexOfEntryWithValue(V value) {

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test buffer overflow protection")
    void testBufferOverflowProtection() {
        byte[] smallBuffer = new byte[23]; // One byte too small

        // Should throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            request.writeBytesWireFormat(smallBuffer, 0);
        });
    }

    Random random = new Random(0);
    Multiset<Integer> elements = HashMultiset.create();
    MinMaxPriorityQueue<Integer> queue = MinMaxPriorityQueue.create();
    int range = 10_000; // range should be small enough that equal elements occur semi-frequently
    for (int iter = 0; iter < reduceIterationsIfGwt(1000); iter++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        Integer element = random.nextInt(range);

和確保你的應用在開機時會執行一樣，你大概也會希望在發生失敗之後，它能「自動重新啟動」。

### 人都會犯錯 { #we-make-mistakes }

我們身為人，常常會犯錯。軟體幾乎總是有藏在各處的「臭蟲（bugs）」🐛

而我們開發者會在發現這些 bug 後持續改進程式碼、實作新功能（也可能順便加進新的 bug 😅）。

### 小錯誤自動處理 { #small-errors-automatically-handled }

使用 FastAPI 建構 Web API 時，如果我們的程式碼出錯，FastAPI 通常會把它限制在觸發該錯誤的單次請求之中。🛡

用戶端會收到「500 Internal Server Error」，但應用會繼續處理之後的請求，而不是整個崩潰。

### 更嚴重的錯誤 - 當機 { #bigger-errors-crashes }

    assertThat(adapter.fromDer(bytes)).isNull()
  }

  /** Make the claimed length of a nested object larger than the enclosing object. */
  @Test fun `large object inside small object`() {
    val bytes = "301b300d06092a864886f70d010101050003847fffffff000504030201".decodeHex()
    assertFailsWith<ProtocolException> {
      CertificateAdapters.subjectPublicKeyInfo.fromDer(bytes)