You can use `jsonable_encoder` for that.

It receives an object, like a Pydantic model, and returns a JSON compatible version:

{* ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py hl[4,21] *}

In this example, it would convert the Pydantic model to a `dict`, and the `datetime` to a `str`.

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> TestClient:

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> TestClient:
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.separate_openapi_schemas.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from tests.utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):

Você pode usar a função `jsonable_encoder` para resolver isso.

A função recebe um objeto, como um modelo Pydantic e retorna uma versão compatível com JSON:

{* ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py hl[4,21] *}

Neste exemplo, ele converteria o modelo Pydantic em um `dict`, e o `datetime` em um `str`.

from inline_snapshot import snapshot

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial003_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial003_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial003_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial003_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):

from types import ModuleType

import pytest

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="test_module",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_test_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:

同样，这个数据库也不会接收Pydantic模型（带有属性的对象），而只接收`dict`。

对此你可以使用`jsonable_encoder`。

它接收一个对象，比如Pydantic模型，并会返回一个JSON兼容的版本：

{* ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py hl[4,21] *}

在这个例子中，它将Pydantic模型转换为`dict`，并将`datetime`转换为`str`。

调用它的结果后就可以使用Python标准编码中的<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html#json.dumps" class="external-link" target="_blank">`json.dumps()`</a>。