* campos String (`str`), definindo tamanho mínimo e máximo.
    * Numbers (`int`, `float`) com valores mínimos e máximos, etc.

* Validação de tipos mais exóticos, como:
    * URL.
    * Email.
    * UUID.
    * ...e outros.

Toda a validação é controlada pelo robusto e bem estabelecido **Pydantic**.

### Segurança e autenticação

///

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image08.png">

Call the endpoint `/users/me/`, you will get the response as:

```JSON
{
  "username": "johndoe",
  "email": "******@****.***",
  "full_name": "John Doe",
  "disabled": false
}
```

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image09.png">

# Settings and Environment Variables

In many cases your application could need some external settings or configurations, for example secret keys, database credentials, credentials for email services, etc.

Most of these settings are variable (can change), like database URLs. And many could be sensitive, like secrets.

For this reason it's common to provide them in environment variables that are read by the application.

/// tip

    logging.info("Setting up GitHub Actions git user")
    subprocess.run(["git", "config", "user.name", "github-actions"], check=True)
    subprocess.run(
        ["git", "config", "user.email", "******@****.***"], check=True
    )
    branch_name = "fastapi-people"
    logging.info(f"Creating a new branch {branch_name}")
    subprocess.run(["git", "checkout", "-b", branch_name], check=True)

    * Xâu (`str`), định nghĩa độ dài lớn nhất, nhỏ nhất.
    * Số (`int`, `float`) với các giá trị lớn nhất, nhỏ nhất, etc.

* Validation cho nhiều kiểu dữ liệu bên ngoài như:
    * URL.
    * Email.
    * UUID.
    * ...và nhiều cái khác.

Tất cả validation được xử lí bằng những thiết lập tốt và mạnh mẽ của **Pydantic**.

### Bảo mật và xác thực

* 校验大部分（甚至所有？）的 Python **数据类型**，包括：
    * JSON 对象 (`dict`).
    * JSON 数组 (`list`) 定义成员类型。
    * 字符串 (`str`) 字段, 定义最小或最大长度。
    * 数字 (`int`, `float`) 有最大值和最小值， 等等。

* 校验外来类型， 比如:
    * URL.
    * Email.
    * UUID.
    * ...及其他.

所有的校验都由完善且强大的 **Pydantic** 处理。

### 安全性及身份验证

集成了安全性和身份认证。杜绝数据库或者数据模型的渗透风险。

OpenAPI 中定义的安全模式，包括：

* HTTP 基本认证。

    // Wrong public key.
    assertThat(okHttpCertificate.checkSignature(certificate.keyPair.public)).isFalse()
  }

  /**
   * We don't have API support for rfc822Name values (email addresses) in the subject alternative
   * name, but we don't crash either.
   */
  @Test
  fun `unsupported general name tag`() {
    val certificateByteString =
      (

注意，代码中没有明文密码**`secret`**，只保存了它的哈希值。

///

<img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/tutorial/security/image08.png">

调用 `/users/me/` 端点，收到下面的响应：

```JSON
{
  "username": "johndoe",
  "email": "******@****.***",
  "full_name": "John Doe",
  "disabled": false
}
```

<img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/tutorial/security/image09.png">

// Copyright © 2021 NAME HERE <EMAIL ADDRESS>
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  existingClientSecretName: ""
  existingClientIdKey: ""
  existingClientSecretKey: ""
  claimName: "policy"
  scopes: "openid,profile,email"
  redirectUri: "https://console-endpoint-url/oauth_callback"
  # Can leave empty
  claimPrefix: ""
  comment: ""
  displayName: ""

networkPolicy:
  enabled: false