import com.google.common.collect.testing.AbstractCollectionTester;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code size()} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.AbstractMapTester;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code size()} operations on a map. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible

///

### Avoid name collisions

We are importing the submodule `items` directly, instead of importing just its variable `router`.

This is because we also have another variable named `router` in the submodule `users`.

If we had imported one after the other, like:

```Python

## Technical Details

The class `BackgroundTasks` comes directly from <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.

你也可以在depend中定义`Response`参数，并设置cookie和header。

## 直接响应 `Response`

你还可以在直接响应`Response`时直接创建cookies。

你可以参考[Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}来创建response

然后设置Cookies，并返回：

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

Aside from this, there are a few conveniences and workarounds built-in to the client to make things simpler.

*All Istio Kubernetes usage should use this library and not operate on Kubernetes clients directly.*

**`kclient.Client`** is a higher level wrapper around a Kubernetes resource, and is built up of sub-parts `kclient.Reader`, `kclient.Writer`, and `kclient.Informer`.
Typically, the whole `kclient.Client` is used,though.

			for _, warning := range warnings {
				fmt.Fprintln(c.ErrOrStderr(), warning)
			}
			return retval
		},
		PersistentPreRunE: func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
			// istioctl kube-inject is typically redirected to a .yaml file;
			// the default for log messages should be stderr, not stdout
			root := c.Root()
			if root != nil {
				_ = c.Root().PersistentFlags().Set("log_target", "stderr")
			}

It includes:

* `Query()`
* `Path()`
* `Body()`
* `Cookie()`
* `Header()`
* `Form()`
* `File()`

You can import them all directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Body, Cookie, File, Form, Header, Path, Query
```

::: fastapi.Query

::: fastapi.Path

::: fastapi.Body

::: fastapi.Cookie

Each section gradually builds on the previous ones, but it's structured to separate topics, so that you can go directly to any specific one to solve your specific API needs.

It is also built to work as a future reference so you can come back and see exactly what you need.

## Run the code

All the code blocks can be copied and used directly (they are actually tested Python files).

func (f *Forwarder) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, inReq *http.Request) {
	outReq := new(http.Request)
	*outReq = *inReq // includes shallow copies of maps, but we handle this in Director

	revproxy := httputil.ReverseProxy{
		Director: func(req *http.Request) {
			f.modifyRequest(req, inReq.URL)
		},
		BufferPool:    newBufPool(128 << 10),
		Transport:     f.RoundTripper,
		FlushInterval: defaultFlushInterval,