public void test_constructor_withMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and Exception cause
        String message = "SSO token validation error";
        Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Invalid token format");
        SsoProcessException exception = new SsoProcessException(message, cause);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
    }

These handlers are in charge of returning the default JSON responses when you `raise` an `HTTPException` and when the request has invalid data.

You can override these exception handlers with your own.

### Override request validation exceptions { #override-request-validation-exceptions }

When a request contains invalid data, **FastAPI** internally raises a `RequestValidationError`.

And it also includes a default exception handler for it.

                .orElseThrow(() -> new SsoMessageException(
                        messages -> messages.addErrorsFailedToProcessSsoRequest(UserMessages.GLOBAL_PROPERTY_KEY, "Invalid state."),
                        "Failed to process metadata.", new SsoProcessException("Invalid state.")));
    }

    /**
     * Gets the logout response.
     * @return The logout response.
     */
    protected ActionResponse getLogoutResponse() {

    }

    @DisplayName("Should throw exception for invalid structure size")
    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 17, 32, 64, 65535 })
    void testReadBytesWireFormatInvalidStructureSize(int structureSize) {
        // Given
        byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
        int offset = 0;

        // Write invalid structure size
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(structureSize, buffer, offset);

			if err != nil {
				return ep, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL endpoint format: invalid port number")
			} else if p < 1 || p > 65535 {
				return ep, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL endpoint format: port number must be between 1 to 65535")
			}
		}
		if i := strings.Index(host, "%"); i > -1 {
			host = host[:i]
		}

		if host == "" {
			return ep, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL endpoint format: empty host name")
		}

        invalidateSet.forEach(s -> excludeFilterCache.invalidate(s));
    }

    /**
     * Deletes all URL filters for the specified session.
     *
     * @param sessionId The session ID.
     */
    @Override
    public void delete(final String sessionId) {
        deleteBySessionId(sessionId);
        includeFilterCache.invalidate(sessionId);
        excludeFilterCache.invalidate(sessionId);
    }

    /**

)

func AssertObjEqual(t *testing.T, r, e interface{}, names ...string) {
	for _, name := range names {
		rv := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(r))
		ev := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(e))
		if rv.IsValid() != ev.IsValid() {
			t.Errorf("%v: expect: %+v, got %+v", utils.FileWithLineNum(), r, e)
			return
		}
		got := rv.FieldByName(name).Interface()
		expect := ev.FieldByName(name).Interface()
		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {

                    break;
                default:
                    throw new SmbException("Invalid operation for " + svc + " service: " + request);
                }
                break;
            default:
                throw new SmbException("Invalid operation for " + svc + " service" + request);
            }
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_03.py hl[8:9] *}

This will also work because `RedirectResponse` is a subclass of `Response`, and FastAPI will automatically handle this simple case.

### Invalid Return Type Annotations { #invalid-return-type-annotations }

    }

    public void test_multipleNestedExceptions() {
        // Test with multiple nested exceptions
        Exception innerCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid image format");
        Exception middleCause = new RuntimeException("Processing failed", innerCause);
        ThumbnailGenerationException exception = new ThumbnailGenerationException("Thumbnail generation error", middleCause);