assertNull(nullCauseException.getCause());

        // Test with both null
        TransportException bothNullException = new TransportException(null, null);
        assertNull(bothNullException.getMessage());
        assertNull(bothNullException.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test deprecated getRootCause method returns the same as getCause")
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")

        assertEquals("Final message", exception.getMessage());
        assertSame(intermediateCause, exception.getCause());
        assertSame(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void testToString() {
        String message = "Test error message";
        CurlException exception = new CurlException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_exceptionSerialization() {
        // Test that the exception is serializable
        String message = "Serialization test";

        final LlmException exception = new LlmException("Top level error", middleCause);

        assertEquals("Top level error", exception.getMessage());
        assertSame(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertSame(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_nullMessage() {
        final LlmException exception = new LlmException(null);
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

        // Verify the exception chain
        assertNotNull(runtimeException);
        assertEquals(servletException, runtimeException.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, servletException.getCause());

        // Verify messages in the chain
        assertTrue(runtimeException.getMessage().contains(ServletException.class.getName()));

        assertEquals("Top level", topException.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, topException.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, topException.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serialVersionUID() {
        // Test that serialVersionUID is properly defined

        assertEquals(400, exception.getStatusCode());
        assertEquals("Runtime error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        int expectedStatusCode = 403;

        // Verify cause chain is preserved
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_emptyMessage() {
        // Setup
        final String message = "";

        assertEquals(url, exception.getUrl());
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(outerCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());
        assertFalse(exception.aborted());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withSpecialCharactersInUrl() {

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructorWithString_null() {
        // Test with null message
        JobNotFoundException exception = new JobNotFoundException((String) null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test