int encoded = originalContext.encode(buffer, 0);

            PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext decodedContext = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(buffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);
            assertArrayEquals(originalHashAlgos, decodedContext.getHashAlgos());

        NdrShort decoded = new NdrShort(0);
        decoded.decode(buf);
        assertEquals(123, decoded.value, "decoded value should equal original");
    }

    /**
     * Verify that encode invokes NdrBuffer.enc_ndr_short via a mocked
     * (spied) buffer.
     */
    @Test
    void encodeWithSpiedBufferCallsEncMethod() throws NdrException {
        NdrShort ns = new NdrShort(42);

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test decode with owner SID only")
    void testDecodeWithOwnerSidOnly() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        // Prepare buffer with owner SID only
        prepareMinimalSecurityDescriptorBuffer(testBuffer, 0, true, false, false);

        int size = securityDescriptor.decode(testBuffer, 0, testBuffer.length);

        // decode returns 0 when no DACL is present (falls through)

        // Decode into first instance
        FileStandardInfo firstInstance = new FileStandardInfo();
        firstInstance.decode(originalBuffer, 0, originalBuffer.length);

        // Encode from first instance
        byte[] encodedBuffer = new byte[22];
        firstInstance.encode(encodedBuffer, 0);

        // Decode into second instance

      name = "BOOLEAN",
      tagClass = DerHeader.TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL,
      tag = 1L,
      codec =
        object : BasicDerAdapter.Codec<Boolean> {
          override fun decode(reader: DerReader): Boolean = reader.readBoolean()

          override fun encode(
            writer: DerWriter,
            value: Boolean,
          ) = writer.writeBoolean(value)
        },
    )

  val INTEGER_AS_LONG =
    BasicDerAdapter(

        firstInstance.decode(originalBuffer, 0, originalBuffer.length);

        // Encode from first instance
        byte[] encodedBuffer = new byte[8];
        firstInstance.encode(encodedBuffer, 0);

        // Decode into second instance
        FileInternalInfo secondInstance = new FileInternalInfo();
        secondInstance.decode(encodedBuffer, 0, encodedBuffer.length);

func (d *Decoder) Pos() int { return int(d.pos) }

// Err returns the most recent decoder error if any, or nil
func (d *Decoder) Err() error { return d.err }

// MaxDepth will set the maximum recursion depth.
// If the maximum depth is exceeded, ErrMaxDepth is returned.
// Less than or 0 means no limit (default).
func (d *Decoder) MaxDepth(n int) *Decoder {
	d.maxDepth = n
	return d
}

        // Decode
        fileBothDirectoryInfo.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        // Verify - the decode method strips null termination, so filename should match
        assertEquals(expectedFilename, fileBothDirectoryInfo.getFilename());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test decode with null-terminated non-Unicode filename")

        assertEquals(0x1111, response.getSecurityMode(), "First decode security mode");
        assertEquals(0x0210, response.getDialect(), "First decode dialect");

        // Second decode - should overwrite values
        byte[] buffer2 = new byte[50];
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x22222222, buffer2, 0);
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0x2222, buffer2, 20);
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0x0311, buffer2, 22);

    }

    @ParameterizedTest(name = "decode({1}) -> {2}")
    @MethodSource("decodeProvider")
    void testDecode(String encoded, byte[] expected) {
        // Act
        byte[] actual = Base64.decode(encoded);
        // Assert
        assertArrayEquals(expected, actual, "Base64.decode should return original bytes");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("encode should throw NPE on null input")
    void testEncodeNull() {