return
	}

	increment := float64(bytesSinceLastWindow) / duration.Seconds()
	m.expMovingAvg = exponentialMovingAverage(beta, m.expMovingAvg, increment)
}

// exponentialMovingAverage calculates the exponential moving average
func exponentialMovingAverage(beta, previousAvg, incrementAvg float64) float64 {
	return (1-beta)*incrementAvg + beta*previousAvg
}

        this.partialResults = partialResults;
        this.facetResponse = facetResponse;
        if (pageSize > 0) {
            calculatePageInfo();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Calculates pagination information based on the current parameters.
     * This method computes page counts, navigation flags, record numbers, and page number lists.
     */
    protected void calculatePageInfo() {

var (
	errPartSizeZero  = errors.New("Part size cannot be zero")
	errPartSizeIndex = errors.New("Part index cannot be smaller than 1")
)

// calculatePartSizeFromIdx calculates the part size according to input index.
// returns error if totalSize is -1, partSize is 0, partIndex is 0.

                && this.dataDisplacement + this.dataCount >= this.totalDataCount) {
            this.hasMore = false;
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Calculates padding needed for the given offset
     * @param offset
     *            the current offset
     * @return padding size in bytes
     */
    protected int pad(final int offset) {

        request.encode(tempBuffer, 50);

        // When
        int bytesWritten = request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, offset);

        // Then
        // The writeBytesWireFormat writes the structure and calculates padding
        // Base structure: 24 bytes, then pad8 alignment, then token: 5 bytes
        // Total bytes written includes padding for 8-byte alignment
        int expectedBytesWritten = 35;

        }

        return Strings.fromOEMBytes(src, srcIndex, Strings.findTermination(src, srcIndex, maxLen), getConfig());
    }

    /**
     * Calculates the wire format length of a string
     * @param str string to measure
     * @param offset current buffer offset for alignment calculation
     * @return string length
     */

	// Calculate signature.
	newSignature := getSignature(signingKey, stringToSign)

	// Verify if signature match.
	if !compareSignatureV4(newSignature, signV4Values.Signature) {
		return cred, "", "", time.Time{}, ErrSignatureDoesNotMatch
	}

	// Return calculated signature.
	return cred, newSignature, region, date, ErrNone
}

### **4.1 Spark Pi**

Test the Spark installation by running the following compute intensive example, which calculates pi by “throwing darts” at a circle. The program generates points in the unit square ((0,0) to (1,1)) and counts how many points fall within the unit circle within the square. The result approximates pi.

   */
  public double max() {
    checkState(count != 0);
    return max;
  }

  double sumOfSquaresOfDeltas() {
    return sumOfSquaresOfDeltas;
  }

  /**
   * Calculates the new value for the accumulated mean when a value is added, in the case where at
   * least one of the previous mean and the value is non-finite.
   */

                    response.getSuccessfulShards(), response.getFailedShards());
        }
        return response.getStatus().getStatus();
    }

    /**
     * Calculates the memory size of a document data map.
     * This is useful for monitoring memory usage during indexing operations.
     *
     * @param dataMap the document data as a map of field names to values