*       the same.
   *   <li>The unreserved characters ".", "-", "~", and "_" remain the same.
   *   <li>The general delimiters "@" and ":" remain the same.
   *   <li>The subdelimiters "!", "$", "&amp;", "'", "(", ")", "*", "+", ",", ";", and "=" remain
   *       the same.
   *   <li>The space character " " is converted into %20.

All of them share the same parameters for additional validation and metadata you have seen.

///

/// note | "Technical Details"

When you import `Query`, `Path` and others from `fastapi`, they are actually functions.

That when called, return instances of classes of the same name.

* Use the `templates` you created to render and return a `TemplateResponse`, pass the name of the template, the request object, and a "context" dictionary with key-value pairs to be used inside of the Jinja2 template.

```Python hl_lines="4  11  15-18"
{!../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note

Before FastAPI 0.108.0, Starlette 0.29.0, the `name` was the first parameter.

This is the same mechanism used when you give permissions while logging in with Facebook, Google, GitHub, etc:

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image11.png">

## JWT token with scopes

Now, modify the token *path operation* to return the scopes requested.

public abstract class DiscreteDomain<C extends Comparable> {

  /**
   * Returns the discrete domain for values of type {@code Integer}.
   *
   * <p>This method always returns the same object. That object is serializable; deserializing it
   * results in the same object too.
   *
   * @since 14.0 (since 10.0 as {@code DiscreteDomains.integers()})
   */
  public static DiscreteDomain<Integer> integers() {
    return IntegerDomain.INSTANCE;

    assertThat(network).isNotEqualTo(g2);
  }

  // Node sets are the same, but edge sets differ.
  @Test
  public void equivalent_edgeSetsDiffer() {
    network.addEdge(N1, N2, E12);

    MutableNetwork<Integer, String> g2 = createNetwork(edgeType);
    g2.addEdge(N1, N2, E13);

    assertThat(network).isNotEqualTo(g2);
  }

  // Node/edge sets are the same, but node/edge connections differ due to edge type.
  @Test

    assertThat(network).isNotEqualTo(g2);
  }

  // Node sets are the same, but edge sets differ.
  @Test
  public void equivalent_edgeSetsDiffer() {
    network.addEdge(N1, N2, E12);

    MutableNetwork<Integer, String> g2 = createNetwork(edgeType);
    g2.addEdge(N1, N2, E13);

    assertThat(network).isNotEqualTo(g2);
  }

  // Node/edge sets are the same, but node/edge connections differ due to edge type.
  @Test

Linux containers run using the same Linux kernel of the host (machine, virtual machine, cloud server, etc). This just means that they are very lightweight (compared to full virtual machines emulating an entire operating system).

This will be especially useful when you use it in a **large code base** where you use **the same dependencies** over and over again in **many *path operations***.

## To `async` or not to `async`

As dependencies will also be called by **FastAPI** (the same as your *path operation functions*), the same rules apply while defining your functions.

If the passwords don't match, we return the same error.

#### Password hashing

"Hashing" means: converting some content (a password in this case) into a sequence of bytes (just a string) that looks like gibberish.

Whenever you pass exactly the same content (exactly the same password) you get exactly the same gibberish.

But you cannot convert from the gibberish back to the password.