assertTrue(restriction.isLowerBoundInclusive(), CHECK_LOWER_BOUND_INCLUSIVE);
        assertEquals("1.4", restriction.getUpperBound().toString(), CHECK_UPPER_BOUND);
        assertTrue(restriction.isUpperBoundInclusive(), CHECK_UPPER_BOUND_INCLUSIVE);
        restriction = restrictions.get(2);
        assertEquals("1.5", restriction.getLowerBound().toString(), CHECK_LOWER_BOUND);

        assertEquals(request1.hashCode(), request2.hashCode());
        assertNotEquals(request1, request3);

        // Test toString
        String toString = request1.toString();
        assertTrue(toString.contains("coordinates="));
        assertTrue(toString.contains("repositories="));
    }

    @Test
    void testRequestTraceIntegration() {
        Session session = mock(Session.class);

                Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x7F, (byte) 0x80, (byte) 0xFF }, "7f80ff"));
    }

    // Verifies that toString() formats bytes as lower-case hex with zero-padding
    @ParameterizedTest(name = "toString renders hex for {0}")
    @MethodSource("hexCases")
    @DisplayName("toString() renders lower-case hex with zero-padding")
    void toString_rendersHex(byte[] input, String expected) {
        // Arrange

        Exception exception = new RuntimeException("Test error message");

        monitorTarget.appendException(buf, exception);
        assertTrue(buf.toString().startsWith("\"exception\":\""));
        assertTrue(buf.toString().contains("Test error message"));
        assertTrue(buf.toString().contains("RuntimeException"));
    }

    // Test appendException method with nested exception

        String infoString = info.toString();
        assertTrue(infoString.contains("alloc=1000"), "toString should contain alloc");
        assertTrue(infoString.contains("free=500"), "toString should contain free");
        assertTrue(infoString.contains("sectPerAlloc=100"), "toString should contain sectPerAlloc");
        assertTrue(infoString.contains("bytesPerSect=512"), "toString should contain bytesPerSect");
    }

        .build()
    assertThat(url.toString()).isEqualTo("http://host/#=[]:;\"~|?#@^/$%25*")
    assertThat(url.toUri().toString())
      .isEqualTo("http://host/#=[]:;%22~%7C?%23@%5E/$%25*")
  }

  @Test
  fun toUriSpecialQueryCharacters() {
    val httpUrl = "http://host/?d=abc!@[]^`{}|\\".toHttpUrl()
    val uri = httpUrl.toUri()
    assertThat(uri.toString()).isEqualTo("http://host/?d=abc!@[]%5E%60%7B%7D%7C%5C")

    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("toString() Tests")
    class ToStringTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("toString with valid data produces expected format")
        void testToStringWithValidData() {
            byte[] challenge = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0xFF };
            UniAddress dc = mock(UniAddress.class);
            when(dc.toString()).thenReturn("SERVER123");

      return delegate.getId();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return delegate.toString();
    }
  }

  private interface Equals {
    @Override
    boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj);

    @Override
    int hashCode();

    @Override
    String toString();
  }

  private static class NoDelegateToEquals implements Equals {

        // Test toString with empty string and zterm = true
        UnicodeString emptyUnicodeStringTrue = new UnicodeString("", true);
        assertEquals("", emptyUnicodeStringTrue.toString(), "toString should return empty string for empty input with zterm");

        // Test toString with empty string and zterm = false

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("ToString Tests")
    class ToStringTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should return simple string when no root cause")
        void testToStringWithoutRootCause() {
            String message = "Test exception message";
            TransportException exception = new TransportException(message);

            String result = exception.toString();

            assertNotNull(result);