* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.primitives;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;

 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.math;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static java.lang.Double.MAX_EXPONENT;
import static java.lang.Double.MIN_EXPONENT;
import static java.lang.Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
import static java.lang.Double.doubleToRawLongBits;

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.primitives;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;

`app.add_middleware()` receives a middleware class as the first argument and any additional arguments to be passed to the middleware.

## Integrated middlewares { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI** includes several middlewares for common use cases, we'll see next how to use them.

/// note | Technical Details

For the next examples, you could also use `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

import java.util.List;

import org.codelibs.core.beans.util.BeanUtil;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.Constants;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.pager.UserPager;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.base.login.FessLoginAssist;
import org.codelibs.fess.exception.FessUserNotFoundException;
import org.codelibs.fess.mylasta.direction.FessConfig;
import org.codelibs.fess.opensearch.user.cbean.UserCB;

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import static com.google.common.base.MoreObjects.toStringHelper;
import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage;
import static java.lang.Integer.signum;

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.io;

import static com.google.common.base.CharMatcher.whitespace;
import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.escape;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.collect.Maps.newTreeMap;
import static java.util.Collections.singletonMap;
import static java.util.Collections.unmodifiableSortedMap;

 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.escape;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**