if (length == 0) {
      return new Object[0];
    }
    @Nullable Object[] result = new Object[length];
    arraycopy(elements, offset, result, 0, length);
    return result;
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  private static @Nullable Object[] fillArray(Iterable<?> elements, @Nullable Object[] array) {
    int i = 0;
    for (Object element : elements) {
      array[i++] = element;
    }

public interface Encodable {

    /**
     * Encodes this object into the specified byte array.
     *
     * @param dst the destination byte array to encode into
     * @param dstIndex the starting index in the destination array
     * @return encoded length
     */
    int encode(byte[] dst, int dstIndex);

    /**
     * Returns the size in bytes that this object will occupy when encoded.
     *
     * @return the encoded size

public final class CollectorTester<
    T extends @Nullable Object, A extends @Nullable Object, R extends @Nullable Object> {
  /**
   * Creates a {@code CollectorTester} for the specified {@code Collector}. The result of the {@code
   * Collector} will be compared to the expected value using {@link Object#equals}.
   */
  public static <T extends @Nullable Object, A extends @Nullable Object, R extends @Nullable Object>

    Object computed = new Object();
    LoadingCache<Object, Object> cache =
        CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
            .expireAfterWrite(0, SECONDS)
            .removalListener(listener)
            .build(constantLoader(computed));

    Object key = new Object();
    assertSame(computed, cache.getUnchecked(key));
    RemovalNotification<Object, Object> notification = listener.remove();
    assertSame(key, notification.getKey());

    Object computed = new Object();
    LoadingCache<Object, Object> cache =
        CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
            .expireAfterWrite(0, SECONDS)
            .removalListener(listener)
            .build(constantLoader(computed));

    Object key = new Object();
    assertSame(computed, cache.getUnchecked(key));
    RemovalNotification<Object, Object> notification = listener.remove();
    assertSame(key, notification.getKey());

  }

  /**
   * A sensible definition of {@link #subSet(Object, Object)} in terms of the {@link #subSet(Object,
   * boolean, Object, boolean)} method. If you override {@link #subSet(Object, boolean, Object,
   * boolean)}, you may wish to override {@link #subSet(Object, Object)} to forward to this
   * implementation.
   */
  @Override
  protected SortedSet<E> standardSubSet(

   */
  public static <A extends @Nullable Object, B extends @Nullable Object, C extends @Nullable Object>
      Function<A, C> compose(Function<B, C> g, Function<A, ? extends B> f) {
    return new FunctionComposition<>(g, f);
  }

  private static final class FunctionComposition<
          A extends @Nullable Object, B extends @Nullable Object, C extends @Nullable Object>
      implements Function<A, C>, Serializable {

  }

  /**
   * A sensible definition of {@link #subSet(Object, Object)} in terms of the {@link #subSet(Object,
   * boolean, Object, boolean)} method. If you override {@link #subSet(Object, boolean, Object,
   * boolean)}, you may wish to override {@link #subSet(Object, Object)} to forward to this
   * implementation.
   */
  @Override
  protected SortedSet<E> standardSubSet(

            keyStrengths,
            valueStrengths);
    return Iterables.transform(
        combinations,
        new Function<List<Object>, CacheBuilder<Object, Object>>() {
          @Override
          public CacheBuilder<Object, Object> apply(List<Object> combination) {
            return createCacheBuilder(
                (Integer) combination.get(0),
                (Integer) combination.get(1),

  static Weigher<Object, Integer> intValueWeigher() {
    return new IntValueWeigher();
  }

  static final class ConstantWeigher implements Weigher<Object, Object> {
    private final int constant;

    ConstantWeigher(int constant) {
      this.constant = constant;
    }

    @Override
    public int weigh(Object key, Object value) {
      return constant;
    }
  }