En muchos casos, tu aplicación podría necesitar algunas configuraciones o ajustes externos, por ejemplo, claves secretas, credenciales de base de datos, credenciales para servicios de correo electrónico, etc.

La mayoría de estas configuraciones son variables (pueden cambiar), como las URLs de bases de datos. Y muchas podrían ser sensibles, como los secretos.

Por esta razón, es común proporcionarlas en variables de entorno que son leídas por la aplicación.

app = FastAPI()


async def verify_token(x_token: Annotated[str, Header()]):
    if x_token != "fake-super-secret-token":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Token header invalid")


async def verify_key(x_key: Annotated[str, Header()]):
    if x_key != "fake-super-secret-key":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Key header invalid")
    return x_key

   * MD5 (128 hash bits) hash function and the given secret key.
   *
   * <p>If you are designing a new system that needs HMAC, prefer {@link #hmacSha256} or other
   * future-proof algorithms <a
   * href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6151#section-2.3">over {@code hmacMd5}</a>.
   *
   * @param key the secret key

    return current_user


client = TestClient(app)


def test_security_api_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me", headers={"key": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"username": "secret"}


def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text

    return current_user


client = TestClient(app)


def test_security_api_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me", headers={"key": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"username": "secret"}


def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text

client = TestClient(app)


def test_security_http_basic():
    response = client.get("/users/me", auth=("john", "secret"))
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"username": "john", "password": "secret"}


def test_security_http_basic_no_credentials():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}

点击小锁图标，注销后，再执行同样的操作，则会得到 HTTP 401 错误：

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Not authenticated"
}
```

### 未激活用户 { #inactive-user }

测试未激活用户，输入以下信息，进行身份验证：

用户名：`alice`

密码：`secret2`

然后，执行 `/users/me` 路径的 `GET` 操作。

显示下列**未激活用户**错误信息：

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Inactive user"
}
```

## 小结 { #recap }

使用本章的工具实现基于 `username` 和 `password` 的完整 API 安全系统。

Моделі Pydantic мають метод `.model_dump()`, який повертає `dict` з даними моделі.

Отже, якщо ми створимо об’єкт Pydantic `user_in` так:

```Python
user_in = UserIn(username="john", password="secret", email="******@****.***")
```

і викличемо:

```Python
user_dict = user_in.model_dump()
```

тепер ми маємо `dict` з даними у змінній `user_dict` (це `dict`, а не об’єкт моделі Pydantic).

			Sensitive:   true,
		},
		config.HelpKV{
			Key:         AuthToken,
			Description: `opaque string or JWT authorization token`,
			Optional:    true,
			Type:        "string",
			Sensitive:   true,
			Secret:      true,
		},
		config.HelpKV{
			Key:         ClientCert,
			Description: "mTLS certificate for webhook authentication",
			Optional:    true,
			Type:        "string",
			Sensitive:   true,
		},

	// in certain apis (such as Health Diagnostics/Callhome)
	Sensitive bool `json:"-"`

	// Indicates if the value is a secret such as a password that shouldn't be
	// exposed by the server
	Secret bool `json:"-"`

	// Indicates if sub-sys supports multiple targets.
	MultipleTargets bool `json:"multipleTargets"`
}

// HelpKVS - implement order of keys help messages.