}

    /**
     * Counts the number of unique bytes in the data (for entropy estimation).
     */
    private int countUniqueBytes(byte[] data) {
        boolean[] seen = new boolean[256];
        int count = 0;

        for (byte b : data) {
            int index = b & 0xFF;
            if (!seen[index]) {
                seen[index] = true;
                count++;
            }
        }

    }
  }

  /**
   * This neat test shows that no matter what weights we use in our requests, if we push X amount of
   * permits in a cool state, where X = rate * timeToCoolDown, and we have specified a
   * timeToWarmUp() period, it will cost as the prescribed amount of time. E.g., calling
   * [acquire(5), acquire(1)] takes exactly the same time as [acquire(2), acquire(3), acquire(1)].
   */

    }
  }

  /**
   * This neat test shows that no matter what weights we use in our requests, if we push X amount of
   * permits in a cool state, where X = rate * timeToCoolDown, and we have specified a
   * timeToWarmUp() period, it will cost as the prescribed amount of time. E.g., calling
   * [acquire(5), acquire(1)] takes exactly the same time as [acquire(2), acquire(3), acquire(1)].
   */

        assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> {
            ASN1Util.readLength(s, 100, false);
        });
    }

    @Test
    void testReadLength_OutOfBounds() {
        // Length out of bounds
        InputStream s = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[] { (byte) 0x81, (byte) 0xFF }); // length 255
        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> {
            ASN1Util.readLength(s, 200, false); // limit 200
        });

    features.add(CollectionFeature.SUBSET_VIEW);
    if (features.remove(CollectionFeature.ALLOWS_NULL_VALUES)) {
      // the null value might be out of bounds, so we can't always construct a subset with nulls
      features.add(CollectionFeature.ALLOWS_NULL_QUERIES);
      // but add null might still be supported if it happens to be within range of the subset

    features.add(CollectionFeature.SUBSET_VIEW);
    if (features.remove(CollectionFeature.ALLOWS_NULL_VALUES)) {
      // the null value might be out of bounds, so we can't always construct a subset with nulls
      features.add(CollectionFeature.ALLOWS_NULL_QUERIES);
      // but add null might still be supported if it happens to be within range of the subset

There are many ways to handle security, authentication and authorization.

And it normally is a complex and "difficult" topic.

In many frameworks and systems just handling security and authentication takes a big amount of effort and code (in many cases it can be 50% or more of all the code written).

// compacted until the limit is reached.
//
// This ensures that any branch will never contain an unreasonable amount of other branches,
// and also that small branches with few objects don't take up unreasonable amounts of space.
// This keeps the cache size at a reasonable size for all buckets.
//
// Whenever a branch is scanned, it is assumed that it will be un-compacted

  private static class Counter<N extends Number> {
    @Keep List<N> counts;
  }

  public void testWildcardCaptured_typeVariableDeclaresTypeBound_wildcardHasNoExplicitUpperBound()
      throws Exception {
    TypeToken<Counter<?>> type = new TypeToken<Counter<?>>() {};
    TypeToken<?> fieldType =
        type.resolveType(Counter.class.getDeclaredField("counts").getGenericType());

    /**
     * Safely retrieves a value from a list at the specified index, handling bounds checking
     * and cleaning up quoted strings.
     *
     * @param list the list to retrieve the value from
     * @param index the index of the value to retrieve
     * @return the cleaned value at the specified index, or empty string if index is out of bounds
     */
    static String getValue(final List<String> list, final int index) {