import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, WebSocket, WebSocketDisconnect
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute, APIWebSocketRoute
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/users/{user_id}")
async def get_user(user_id: str, request: Request):
    route: APIRoute = request.scope["route"]
    return {"user_id": user_id, "path": route.path}


@app.websocket("/items/{item_id}")

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Item = Body(
        openapi_examples={
            "normal": {
                "summary": "A normal example",

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine

engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg://postgres:postgres@localhost/db")


class User(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str


app = FastAPI()


def get_session():

```

But FastAPI (actually Starlette) provides a simpler way to do it that makes sure that the internal middlewares handle server errors and custom exception handlers work properly.

For that, you use `app.add_middleware()` (as in the example for CORS).

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = FastAPI()

from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
from typing import Union

import pytest
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class State(BaseModel):
    app_startup: bool = False
    app_shutdown: bool = False
    router_startup: bool = False
    router_shutdown: bool = False
    sub_router_startup: bool = False

### Фильтрация данных FastAPI { #fastapi-data-filtering }

Теперь, для FastAPI: он увидит возвращаемый тип и убедится, что то, что вы возвращаете, включает **только** поля, объявленные в этом типе.

## Den `fastapi run` Befehl verwenden { #use-the-fastapi-run-command }

Kurz gesagt, nutzen Sie `fastapi run`, um Ihre FastAPI-Anwendung bereitzustellen:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> run <u style="text-decoration-style:solid">main.py</u>

  <span style="background-color:#009485"><font color="#D3D7CF"> FastAPI </font></span>  Starting production server 🚀

    Optional,
    Union,
)
from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary

import fastapi
from fastapi._compat import (
    BaseConfig,
    ModelField,
    PydanticSchemaGenerationError,
    Undefined,
    UndefinedType,
    Validator,
    annotation_is_pydantic_v1,
)
from fastapi.datastructures import DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning, PydanticV1NotSupportedError

**FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, nur als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Aber die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen direkt von Starlette. Dasselbe gilt für `Request`.

///

## Die Default-Exceptionhandler überschreiben { #override-the-default-exception-handlers }

**FastAPI** hat einige Default-Exceptionhandler.

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(
    files: Annotated[list[bytes], File(description="Multiple files as bytes")],
):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(
    files: Annotated[