### `RequestValidationError` vs `ValidationError`

/// warning | "Aviso"

Você pode pular estes detalhes técnicos caso eles não sejam importantes para você neste momento.

///

`RequestValidationError` é uma subclasse do <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/#error-handling" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ValidationError`</a> existente no Pydantic.

* `gt`: `g`reater `t`han
* `ge`: `g`reater than or `e`qual
* `lt`: `l`ess `t`han
* `le`: `l`ess than or `e`qual

/// info

`Query`, `Path`, and other classes you will see later are subclasses of a common `Param` class.

All of them share the same parameters for additional validation and metadata you have seen.

///

/// note | "Technical Details"

            params_to_process[key] = value

    if single_not_embedded_field:
        field_info = first_field.field_info
        assert isinstance(
            field_info, params.Param
        ), "Params must be subclasses of Param"
        loc: Tuple[str, ...] = (field_info.in_.value,)
        v_, errors_ = _validate_value_with_model_field(
            field=first_field, value=params_to_process, values=values, loc=loc
        )

import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Generates a test suite covering the {@link List} implementations in the {@link java.util}
 * package. Can be subclassed to specify tests that should be suppressed.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtIncompatible
public class TestsForListsInJavaUtil {
  public static Test suite() {

      return null;
    }
    return escapeUnsafe(c);
  }

  /**
   * Escapes a {@code char} value that has no direct explicit value in the replacement array and
   * lies outside the stated safe range. Subclasses should override this method to provide
   * generalized escaping for characters.
   *
   * <p>Note that arrays returned by this method must not be modified once they have been returned.

@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public abstract class AbstractIterator<T extends @Nullable Object> extends UnmodifiableIterator<T> {
  private State state = State.NOT_READY;

  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected AbstractIterator() {}

  private enum State {
    /** We have computed the next element and haven't returned it yet. */
    READY,

      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      @Override
      <K extends K0, V extends @Nullable Object> Map<K, Collection<V>> createMap() {
        // K must actually be K0, since enums are effectively final
        // (their subclasses are inaccessible)
        return (Map<K, Collection<V>>) new EnumMap<K0, Collection<V>>(keyClass);
      }
    };
  }

  private static final class ArrayListSupplier<V extends @Nullable Object>

   *     invocation conversion.
   * @throws InvocationTargetException if the underlying method or constructor throws an exception.
   */
  // All subclasses are owned by us and we'll make sure to get the R type right, including nullness.
  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "nullness"})
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @CheckForNull

 * class. For example, testing that {@code nodes()} method returns the set of the nodes in the
 * graph. The following test cases are left for the subclasses to handle:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Test cases related to whether the graph is directed, undirected, mutable, or immutable.
 *   <li>Test cases related to the specific implementation of the {@link Network} interface.
 * </ul>

import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Generates a test suite covering the {@link Set} implementations in the {@link java.util} package.
 * Can be subclassed to specify tests that should be suppressed.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtIncompatible
public class TestsForSetsInJavaUtil {
  public static Test suite() {