### Stwórz

* Utwórz plik o nazwie `main.py` z:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

        FileSource source = new FileSource(txtFile);

        try (InputStream is = source.getInputStream();
                Scanner scanner = new Scanner(is)) {

            assertEquals("Hello World!", scanner.nextLine());
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testGetLocation() {
        File txtFile = new File("target/test-classes/source.txt");
        FileSource source = new FileSource(txtFile);

 */
public class AppTest {
  private final MockWebServer mockWebServer = new MockWebServer();

  @Test
  public void testApp() throws IOException {
    mockWebServer.enqueue(new MockResponse(200, Headers.of(), "Hello, Maven!"));
    mockWebServer.start();

    new SampleHttpClient().makeCall(mockWebServer.url("/"));
  }

### Khởi tạo

* Tạo một tệp tin `main.py` như sau:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should encode and decode strings using byte operations")
    void testStringOperations() {
        // Given
        String testString = "Hello";
        byte[] buffer = new byte[testString.length()];

        // When - Manual string encoding using individual bytes
        byte[] strBytes = testString.getBytes();

        String testValue = "HELLO WORLD";
        OptionalEntity<String> result = OptionalUtil.ofNullable(testValue);

        assertTrue(result.isPresent());

        // Test that we can chain operations
        String processed = result.map(s -> s.toLowerCase()).orElse("default");

        assertEquals("hello world", processed);

        // Test with null value

Para hacer eso, puedes crear un response como se describe en [Devolver un Response Directamente](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

Luego establece Cookies en ella, y luego devuélvela:

{* ../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001.py hl[10:12] *}

/// tip | Consejo

	}

	objectName := `\../.minio.sys/config/hello.txt`

	// initialize HTTP NewRecorder, this records any mutations to response writer inside the handler.
	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
	// construct HTTP request for Get Object end point.
	req, err := newTestSignedRequestV4(http.MethodPut, getPutObjectURL("", bucketName, objectName),

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial009c.py hl[9:14,17] *}

Statt:

```json
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

... wird die Response jetzt Folgendes zurückgeben:

```json
{
  "message": "Hello World"
}
```

Natürlich werden Sie wahrscheinlich viel bessere Möglichkeiten finden, Vorteil daraus zu ziehen, als JSON zu formatieren. 😉

* Erstellen Sie eine Datei `main.py` mit:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">