* `POST`
* `GET`
* `PUT`
* `DELETE`

...e os mais exóticos:

* `OPTIONS`
* `HEAD`
* `PATCH`
* `TRACE`

No protocolo HTTP, você pode se comunicar com cada path usando um (ou mais) desses "métodos".

---

Ao construir APIs, você normalmente usa esses métodos HTTP para executar uma ação específica.

Normalmente você usa:

* `POST`: para criar dados.
* `GET`: para ler dados.

Estes escopos representam "permissões".

No OpenAPI (e.g. os documentos da API), você pode definir "esquemas de segurança".

Quando um desses esquemas de segurança utiliza OAuth2, você pode também declarar e utilizar escopos.

Cada "escopo" é apenas uma string (sem espaços).

   *
   * On the other hand, past underutilization could mean that "the server responsible for handling
   * the request has become less ready for future requests", i.e. its caches become stale, and
   * requests become more likely to trigger expensive operations (a more extreme case of this
   * example is when a server has just booted, and it is mostly busy with getting itself up to
   * speed).
   *

Клиент получит **500 Internal Server Error** для этого запроса, но приложение продолжит работать для последующих запросов, а не «упадёт» целиком.

### Большие ошибки — падения { #bigger-errors-crashes }

Тем не менее возможны случаи, когда код **роняет всё приложение**, приводя к сбою Uvicorn и Python. 💥

Клієнт отримає **500 Internal Server Error** для цього запиту, але застосунок продовжить працювати для наступних запитів замість повного краху.

### Великі помилки - крахи { #bigger-errors-crashes }

Втім, бувають випадки, коли ми пишемо код, який **падає весь застосунок**, спричиняючи крах Uvicorn і Python. 💥

    assertThat(notification.getValue()).isEqualTo("a");
    assertThat(cache.size()).isEqualTo(1);
    assertThat(cache.getUnchecked("b")).isEqualTo("b");
  }

  // "Basher tests", where we throw a bunch of stuff at a LoadingCache and check basic invariants.

  /**
   * This is a less carefully-controlled version of {@link #testRemovalNotification_clear} - this is

    assertThat(notification.getValue()).isEqualTo("a");
    assertThat(cache.size()).isEqualTo(1);
    assertThat(cache.getUnchecked("b")).isEqualTo("b");
  }

  // "Basher tests", where we throw a bunch of stuff at a LoadingCache and check basic invariants.

  /**
   * This is a less carefully-controlled version of {@link #testRemovalNotification_clear} - this is

    )
    ```

 *  New: `Response.body` is now non-null. This was generally the case in OkHttp 4.x, but the Kotlin
    type declaration was nullable to support rare cases like the body on `Response.cacheResponse`,
    `Response.networkResponse`, and `Response.priorResponse`. In such cases the body is now
    non-null, but attempts to read its content will fail.
 *  New: Kotlin-specific APIs for request tags. Kotlin language users can lookup tags with a type

    }
  }

  /**
   * Hashes the contents of this byte source using the given hash function.
   *
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs while reading from this source
   */
  public HashCode hash(HashFunction hashFunction) throws IOException {
    Hasher hasher = hashFunction.newHasher();
    copyTo(Funnels.asOutputStream(hasher));
    return hasher.hash();
  }

  /**

                 * be cached and cause other types to fail even though they may
                 * not be the authority for the name. For example, if a WINS lookup
                 * for FOO fails and caches unknownAddress for FOO, a subsequent
                 * lookup for FOO using BCAST should not fail because of that
                 * name cached from WINS.
                 *