## Using the `jsonable_encoder` in a `Response` { #using-the-jsonable-encoder-in-a-response }

Because **FastAPI** doesn't make any changes to a `Response` you return, you have to make sure its contents are ready for it.

For example, you cannot put a Pydantic model in a `JSONResponse` without first converting it to a `dict` with all the data types (like `datetime`, `UUID`, etc) converted to JSON-compatible types.

    }

    /**
     * Returns {@literal true} if the array is not {@literal null} and its length is not 0.
     *
     * @param <T>
     *            the type of the array elements
     * @param arrays
     *            the array
     * @return {@literal true} if the array is not {@literal null} and its length is not 0
     */
    public static <T> boolean isNotEmpty(final T[] arrays) {

- [ ] In any other case, please file an [Apache Individual Contributor License Agreement](https://www.apache.org/licenses/icla.pdf).

   * of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the collection fits in the specified
   * array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the
   * specified array and the size of the specified collection.
   *
   * <p>If the collection fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more

 * <p>
 * It provides information about the file type (or extension) of the associated artifact,
 * its default classifier, and how the artifact will be used in the build when creating
 * class paths or module paths.
 * <p>
 * For example, the type {@code java-source} has a {@code jar} extension and a
 * {@code sources} classifier. The artifact and its dependencies should be added
 * to the build path.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental

  // implementations.

  private Futures() {}

  /**
   * Creates a {@code ListenableFuture} which has its value set immediately upon construction. The
   * getters just return the value. This {@code Future} can't be canceled or timed out and its
   * {@code isDone()} method always returns {@code true}.
   */
  public static <V extends @Nullable Object> ListenableFuture<V> immediateFuture(

The history of **FastAPI** is in great part the history of its predecessors.

As said in the section [Alternatives](alternatives.md){.internal-link target=_blank}:

<blockquote markdown="1">

**FastAPI** wouldn't exist if not for the previous work of others.

There have been many tools created before that have helped inspire its creation.

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// Fancy Bits, LLC : http://getchannels.com
// Submitted by Aman Gupta <******@****.***>
channelsdvr.net
u.channelsdvr.net

// Fastly Inc. : http://www.fastly.com/

  /** Maps a bucket to the "entry" of its first element. */
  private transient int[] hashTableKToV;

  /** Maps a bucket to the "entry" of its first element. */
  private transient int[] hashTableVToK;

  /** Maps an "entry" to the "entry" that follows it in its bucket. */
  private transient int[] nextInBucketKToV;

  /** Maps an "entry" to the "entry" that follows it in its bucket. */

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A utility for testing an Iterator implementation by comparing its behavior to that of a "known
 * good" reference implementation. In order to accomplish this, it's important to test a great
 * variety of sequences of the {@link Iterator#next}, {@link Iterator#hasNext} and {@link