* Why? We want for queries like containsKey(null) to return false, but the
   * GWT SortedMap implementation that we delegate to throws
   * NullPointerException if the comparator does. Since our construction
   * methods ensure that null is never present in the map, it's OK for the
   * comparator to look for it wherever it wants.
   *

func bitrotVerify(r io.Reader, wantSize, partSize int64, algo BitrotAlgorithm, want []byte, shardSize int64) error {
	if algo != HighwayHash256S {
		h := algo.New()
		if n, err := io.Copy(h, r); err != nil || n != wantSize {
			// Premature failure in reading the object, file is corrupt.
			return errFileCorrupt
		}
		if !bytes.Equal(h.Sum(nil), want) {
			return errFileCorrupt
		}
		return nil
	}

# Stream Data { #stream-data }

If you want to stream data that can be structured as JSON, you should [Stream JSON Lines](../tutorial/stream-json-lines.md).

But if you want to **stream pure binary data** or strings, here's how you can do it.

/// info

Added in FastAPI 0.134.0.

///

## Use Cases { #use-cases }

You could use this if you want to stream pure strings, for example directly from the output of an **AI LLM** service.

versions](https://square.github.io/okhttp/5.x/okhttp/okhttp3/-tls-version/) and [cipher suites](https://square.github.io/okhttp/5.x/okhttp/okhttp3/-cipher-suite/) to offer. A client that wants to maximize connectivity would include obsolete TLS versions and weak-by-design cipher suites. A strict client that wants to maximize security would be limited to only the latest TLS version and strongest cipher suites.

Specific security vs. connectivity decisions are implemented by [ConnectionSpec...

{* ../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial001_py310.py hl[6] *}

### Using the *path operation function* name as the operationId { #using-the-path-operation-function-name-as-the-operationid }

If you want to use your APIs' function names as `operationId`s, you can iterate over all of them and override each *path operation's* `operation_id` using their `APIRoute.name`.

You should do it after adding all your *path operations*.

      @ParametricNullness E fromElement,
      BoundType fromBoundType,
      @ParametricNullness E toElement,
      BoundType toBoundType) {
    // These are checked elsewhere, but NullPointerTester wants them checked eagerly.
    checkNotNull(fromBoundType);
    checkNotNull(toBoundType);
    return tailMultiset(fromElement, fromBoundType).headMultiset(toElement, toBoundType);
  }

 * This is only necessary for default components using @Typed that want to support overriding.
 *
 * As a non-default component this now gets a negative priority relative to other implementations
 * of the same interface. Since we want to allow overriding this doesn't matter in this case.
 * (if it did we could add @Priority of 0 to match the priority given to default components.)
 *

	if err == io.EOF { // Verify content SHA256, if set.
		if r.expectedMin > 0 {
			if r.bytesRead < r.expectedMin {
				return 0, SizeTooSmall{Want: r.expectedMin, Got: r.bytesRead}
			}
		}
		if r.expectedMax > 0 {
			if r.bytesRead > r.expectedMax {
				return 0, SizeTooLarge{Want: r.expectedMax, Got: r.bytesRead}
			}
		}

		if r.sha256 != nil {
			if sum := r.sha256.Sum(nil); !bytes.Equal(r.contentSHA256, sum) {

///

## Forbid Extra Cookies { #forbid-extra-cookies }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the cookies that you want to receive.

/// tip

Do you want to understand what's all that above?

Continue reading. 👇🤓

///

## Why Virtual Environments { #why-virtual-environments }

To work with FastAPI you need to install [Python](https://www.python.org/).

After that, you would need to **install** FastAPI and any other **packages** you want to use.