return new String(buf);
    }

    /**
     * Converts a {@link Document} to a string.
     *
     * @param document
     *            The document. Must not be {@literal null}.
     * @return The converted string.
     */
    public static String toString(final Document document) {
        assertArgumentNotNull("document", document);

        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(1000);

Para esos casos, puedes usar el `jsonable_encoder` para convertir tus datos antes de pasarlos a un response:

{* ../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py hl[6:7,21:22] *}

/// note | Nota

También podrías usar `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

     * @throws InstantiationRuntimeException if the class declaring the constructor is abstract
     * @throws IllegalAccessRuntimeException if the number of actual and formal parameters differ, if primitive arguments cannot be converted, or if the class is related to enums
     * @see Constructor#newInstance(Object[])
     */
    public static <T> T newInstance(final Constructor<T> constructor, final Object... args)

Let's imagine that you have a database `fake_db` that only receives JSON compatible data.

For example, it doesn't receive `datetime` objects, as those are not compatible with JSON.

So, a `datetime` object would have to be converted to a `str` containing the data in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO format</a>.

            FileUtil.deleteInBackground(inputFile);
            FileUtil.deleteInBackground(outputFile);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the output content from the converted file.
     *
     * @param outputFile the converted output file
     * @param outExt the output file extension
     * @return the extracted text content
     * @throws ExtractException if an error occurs while reading the file
     */

    }

    /**
     * Test the getEntries() method with a populated DfsEnumArray200.
     * Verifies that the DFS entries are correctly converted to FileEntry objects.
     */
    @Test
    void testGetEntries() {
        // Given
        MsrpcDfsRootEnum dfsRootEnum = new MsrpcDfsRootEnum("test-server");

* `frozenset`:
    * In requests and responses, treated the same as a `set`:
        * In requests, a list will be read, eliminating duplicates and converting it to a `set`.
        * In responses, the `set` will be converted to a `list`.
        * The generated schema will specify that the `set` values are unique (using JSON Schema's `uniqueItems`).
* `bytes`:
    * Standard Python `bytes`.
    * In requests and responses will be treated as `str`.

    /**
     * A map for URL conversion.
     */
    protected Map<String, String> convertMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();

    /**
     * Converts a URL.
     *
     * @param url The URL.
     * @return A converted URL.
     */
    public String convert(final String url) {
        if (url == null) {
            return null;
        }
        String convertedUrl = url;

 * lookups.
 *
 * <p>During construction, names are normalized in two ways:
 *
 * <ol>
 *   <li>ASCII uppercase characters are converted to lowercase.
 *   <li>Unicode dot separators other than the ASCII period ({@code '.'}) are converted to the ASCII
 *       period.
 * </ol>
 *
 * <p>The normalized values will be returned from {@link #toString()} and {@link #parts()}, and will

Y entonces puedes devolver cualquier objeto que necesites, como normalmente lo harías (un `dict`, un modelo de base de datos, etc).

Y si declaraste un `response_model`, todavía se utilizará para filtrar y convertir el objeto que devolviste.