// No group (offset 0)
        for (int i = 8; i < 12; i++)
            securityDescriptorBytes[i] = 0;
        // No SACL (offset 0)
        for (int i = 12; i < 16; i++)
            securityDescriptorBytes[i] = 0;
        // DACL at offset 20
        securityDescriptorBytes[16] = 20;
        securityDescriptorBytes[17] = 0;
        securityDescriptorBytes[18] = 0;
        securityDescriptorBytes[19] = 0;

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test encode with offset")
    void testEncodeWithOffset() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        FileBasicInfo info =
                new FileBasicInfo(TEST_CREATE_TIME, TEST_LAST_ACCESS_TIME, TEST_LAST_WRITE_TIME, TEST_CHANGE_TIME, TEST_ATTRIBUTES);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
        int offset = 25;

        // Encode with offset
        int bytesWritten = info.encode(buffer, offset);

    return newPreFilledByteArray(0, size);
  }

  /** Returns a byte array of length size that has values offset .. offset + size - 1. */
  static byte[] newPreFilledByteArray(int offset, int size) {
    byte[] array = new byte[size];
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
      array[i] = (byte) (offset + i);
    }
    return array;
  }

  private static void copy(URL url, File file) throws IOException {

            int offset = 0;
            while (stream.incrementToken()) {
                final CharTermAttribute att = stream.getAttribute(CharTermAttribute.class);
                final String term = att.toString();
                final int pos = inputStr.indexOf(term, offset);
                if (pos > 0) {
                    final String tmp = inputStr.substring(offset, pos);

    session.commit()
    session.refresh(hero)
    return hero


@app.get("/heroes/")
def read_heroes(
    session: SessionDep,
    offset: int = 0,
    limit: Annotated[int, Query(le=100)] = 100,
) -> list[Hero]:
    heroes = session.exec(select(Hero).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all()
    return heroes


@app.get("/heroes/{hero_id}")
def read_hero(hero_id: int, session: SessionDep) -> Hero:

        response.setDataCount(infoData.length);

        int bytesRead = response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, offset, buffer.length - offset);

        assertTrue(bytesRead > 0);
        assertNotNull(response.getInfo());
    }

    // Helper methods to create mock buffers for different file information types

    private byte[] createMockFileBasicInfoBuffer() {

        assertEquals(NtStatus.NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED, ex.getNtStatus());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("resolveSids(CIFSContext,server,sids,offset,length) resolves missing, caches, and reuses cache")
    void resolveSids_withOffsetAndCache_behavesCorrectly() throws Exception {
        CIFSContext ctx = mock(CIFSContext.class);

        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.length);
        assertSame(ndrBuffer, ndrBuffer.deferred);
        assertSame(buffer, ndrBuffer.buf);

        // Test with a different start offset
        NdrBuffer offsetBuffer = new NdrBuffer(buffer, 10);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.start);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, offsetBuffer.length);
    }

    @Test

internal fun checkOffsetAndCount(
  arrayLength: Long,
  offset: Long,
  count: Long,
) {
  if (offset or count < 0L || offset > arrayLength || arrayLength - offset < count) {
    throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("length=$arrayLength, offset=$offset, count=$offset")
  }
}

internal fun <T> interleave(
  a: Iterable<T>,
  b: Iterable<T>,
): List<T> {

                            {
                                "name": "offset",
                                "in": "query",
                                "required": False,
                                "schema": {
                                    "type": "integer",
                                    "default": 0,
                                    "title": "Offset",
                                },
                            },