import importlib
import os
import shutil

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from tests.utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.additional_responses.{request.param}")

There are some cases where you might need to convert a data type (like a Pydantic model) to something compatible with JSON (like a `dict`, `list`, etc).

For example, if you need to store it in a database.

For that, **FastAPI** provides a `jsonable_encoder()` function.

## Using the `jsonable_encoder` { #using-the-jsonable-encoder }

Let's imagine that you have a database `fake_db` that only receives JSON compatible data.

# 部署

部署 **FastAPI** 应用程序相对容易。

## 部署是什么意思

**部署**应用程序意味着执行必要的步骤以使其**可供用户使用**。

对于**Web API**来说，通常涉及将上传到**云服务器**中，搭配一个性能和稳定性都不错的**服务器程序**，以便你的**用户**可以高效地**访问**你的应用程序，而不会出现中断或其他问题。

这与**开发**阶段形成鲜明对比，在**开发**阶段，你不断更改代码、破坏代码、修复代码, 来回停止和重启服务器等。

## 部署策略

根据你的使用场景和使用的工具，有多种方法可以实现此目的。

你可以使用一些工具自行**部署服务器**，你也可以使用能为你完成部分工作的**云服务**，或其他可能的选项。

我将向你展示在部署 **FastAPI** 应用程序时你可能应该记住的一些主要概念（尽管其中大部分适用于任何其他类型的 Web 应用程序）。

import importlib

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)

import importlib

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial003_01_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial003_01_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):

import importlib
from base64 import b64encode

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial007_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial007_an_py39"),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.security.{request.param}")
    return TestClient(mod.app)

import importlib

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> TestClient:
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.separate_openapi_schemas.{request.param}")

# Metadata and Docs URLs { #metadata-and-docs-urls }

You can customize several metadata configurations in your **FastAPI** application.

## Metadata for API { #metadata-for-api }

You can set the following fields that are used in the OpenAPI specification and the automatic API docs UIs:

| Parameter | Type | Description |
|------------|------|-------------|
| `title` | `str` | The title of the API. |

from typing import Annotated, Any, Union

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsOneOf
from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

from .utils import get_body_model_name

app = FastAPI()

# =====================================================================================
# Without aliases


@app.post("/required-str", operation_id="required_str")

from typing import Annotated, Optional

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from .utils import get_body_model_name

app = FastAPI()

# =====================================================================================
# Without aliases


@app.post("/optional-list-bytes")
async def read_optional_list_bytes(p: Annotated[Optional[list[bytes]], File()] = None):