nilReq, err := newTestRequest(http.MethodGet, getBucketLocationURL("", nilBucket), 0, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("MinIO %s: Failed to create HTTP request for testing the response when object Layer is set to `nil`.", instanceType)
	}
	// Executes the object layer set to `nil` test.
	// `ExecObjectLayerAPINilTest` manages the operation.
	ExecObjectLayerAPINilTest(t, nilBucket, "", instanceType, apiRouter, nilReq)
}

注意默认值依然是 `None`，所以该参数仍是可选的。

但现在把 `Query(max_length=50)` 放到 `Annotated` 里，我们就在告诉 FastAPI，这个值需要**额外校验**，最大长度为 50 个字符。😎

/// tip | 提示

这里用的是 `Query()`，因为这是一个**查询参数**。稍后我们还会看到 `Path()`、`Body()`、`Header()` 和 `Cookie()`，它们也接受与 `Query()` 相同的参数。

///

FastAPI 现在会：

- 对数据进行**校验**，确保最大长度为 50 个字符
- 当数据无效时向客户端展示**清晰的错误**
- 在 OpenAPI 模式的*路径操作*中**记录**该参数（因此会出现在**自动文档 UI** 中）

        final String artifactId;

        /** The minimum version required for Maven 4 compatibility */
        final String minVersion;

        /**
         * Creates a new plugin upgrade information holder.
         *
         * @param groupId the Maven groupId of the plugin
         * @param artifactId the Maven artifactId of the plugin
         * @param minVersion the minimum version required for Maven 4 compatibility

하지만 `Annotated` 안에 `Query(max_length=50)`를 넣음으로써, 이 값에 대해 **추가 검증**을 적용하고 최대 50자까지만 허용하도록 FastAPI에 알려줍니다. 😎

/// tip | 팁

여기서는 **쿼리 매개변수**이기 때문에 `Query()`를 사용합니다. 나중에 `Path()`, `Body()`, `Header()`, `Cookie()`와 같이 `Query()`와 동일한 인자를 받는 것들도 보게 될 것입니다.

///

이제 FastAPI는 다음을 수행합니다:

* 최대 길이가 50자인지 확인하도록 데이터를 **검증**합니다
* 데이터가 유효하지 않을 때 클라이언트에게 **명확한 오류**를 보여줍니다

# ========================================================================================
# Framework Default
# =================
# ----------------------------------------------------------
# Lasta Taglib
# ------------
errors.header = <ul class="has-error">
errors.footer = </ul>
errors.prefix = <li><i class="fa fa-exclamation-circle"></i>
errors.suffix = </li>
# ----------------------------------------------------------
# Javax Validator

| `minio_node_cpu_avg_load5`           | CPU load average 5min.                     |
| `minio_node_cpu_avg_load5_avg`       | CPU load average 5min (avg).               |
| `minio_node_cpu_avg_load5_max`       | CPU load average 5min (max).               |
| `minio_node_cpu_avg_load5_perc`      | CPU load average 5min (percentage).        |

    assertThat(result.get("second")).isEqualTo("null");
    assertEquals(2, result.size());

    // Now test values loaded from a stream.
    String props = "test\n second = 2\n Third item :   a short  phrase   ";

    testProp.load(new StringReader(props));

    result = Maps.fromProperties(testProp);
    assertEquals(4, result.size());

former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
be combined with the library in order to run.

                  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

  0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other
program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or
other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of

   * @since NEXT
   */
  public long serializedSize() {
    // We return a long (and not an int) because the max serialized size is approximately
    // 17 billion bytes (2^31 * 8 bytes).

    // The serialization header is 6 bytes:
    //   1 byte for the strategy
    //   1 byte for the number of hash functions
    //   4 bytes for the array length
    return (bits.bitSize() / 8) + 6;
  }

  /**

Es ist relativ eng mit relationalen Datenbanken (wie MySQL oder PostgreSQL) gekoppelt, daher ist es nicht sehr einfach, eine NoSQL-Datenbank (wie Couchbase, MongoDB, Cassandra, usw.) als Hauptspeicherengine zu verwenden.