# 以類別作為相依性 { #classes-as-dependencies }

在更深入了解 **相依性注入（Dependency Injection）** 系統之前，我們先把前一個範例升級一下。

## 前一個範例中的 `dict` { #a-dict-from-the-previous-example }

在前一個範例中，我們從相依項（"dependable"）回傳了一個 `dict`：

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

但接著我們在路徑操作函式（*path operation function*）的參數 `commons` 中取得的是一個 `dict`。

而我們知道，編輯器對 `dict` 無法提供太多輔助（例如自動完成），因為它無法預先知道其中的鍵與值的型別。

我們可以做得更好...

 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The methods of {@code ForwardingMultiset} forward <b>indiscriminately</b> to
 * the methods of the delegate. For example, overriding {@link #add(Object, int)} alone <b>will
 * not</b> change the behavior of {@link #add(Object)}, which can lead to unexpected behavior. In

Und er wird wahrscheinlich von Anwendung zu Anwendung sehr unterschiedlich sein.

Es könnten nur eine oder zwei Codezeilen sein, wie zum Beispiel:

```Python
callback_url = "https://example.com/api/v1/invoices/events/"
httpx.post(callback_url, json={"description": "Invoice paid", "paid": True})
```

**FastAPI**는 `responses`의 추가 정보를 유지하고, 모델의 JSON Schema와 결합합니다.

예를 들어, Pydantic 모델을 사용하고 커스텀 `description`을 가진 상태 코드 `404` 응답을 선언할 수 있습니다.

또한 `response_model`을 사용하는 상태 코드 `200` 응답을 선언하되, 커스텀 `example`을 포함할 수도 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial003_py310.py hl[20:31] *}

이 모든 내용은 OpenAPI에 결합되어 포함되고, API 문서에 표시됩니다:

<img src="/img/tutorial/additional-responses/image01.png">

**FastAPI** 会保留来自 `responses` 的附加信息，并把它与你的模型生成的 JSON Schema 合并。

例如，你可以声明一个状态码为 `404` 的响应，它使用一个 Pydantic 模型并带有自定义的 `description`。

以及一个状态码为 `200` 的响应，它使用你的 `response_model`，但包含自定义的 `example`：

{* ../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial003_py310.py hl[20:31] *}

所有这些都会被合并并包含到你的 OpenAPI 中，并显示在 API 文档里：

<img src="/img/tutorial/additional-responses/image01.png">

Тепер використайте операцію `GET` зі шляхом `/users/me`.

Ви отримаєте дані свого користувача, наприклад:

```JSON
{
  "username": "johndoe",
  "email": "johndoe@example.com",
  "full_name": "John Doe",
  "disabled": false,
  "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret"
}
```

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image06.png">

// before a result is returned.
//
// Row function - An expression that depends on a value in the
// row. They have an output for each input row.
//
// Some types of a queries are not valid. For example, an aggregation
// function combined with a row function is meaningless ("AVG(s.Age) +
// s.Salary"). Analysis determines if such a scenario exists so an
// error can be returned.

var (

      .isNotEqualTo(CipherSuite.TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5)
  }

  @Test
  fun forJavaName_acceptsArbitraryStrings() {
    // Shouldn't throw.
    forJavaName("example CipherSuite name that is not in the whitelist")
  }

  @Test
  fun javaName_examples() {
    assertThat(CipherSuite.TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5.javaName)
      .isEqualTo("SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5")

   * concurrently updating.
   */
  public void reset() {
    internalReset(0L);
  }

  /**
   * Equivalent in effect to {@link #sum} followed by {@link #reset}. This method may apply for
   * example during quiescent points between multithreaded computations. If there are updates
   * concurrent with this method, the returned value is not guaranteed to be the final
   * value occurring before the reset.
   *

import java.util.Objects;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Used to represent the order of elements in a data structure that supports different options for
 * iteration order guarantees.
 *
 * <p>Example usage:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * MutableGraph<Integer> graph =
 *     GraphBuilder.directed().nodeOrder(ElementOrder.<Integer>natural()).build();
 * }
 *
 * @author Joshua O'Madadhain
 * @since 20.0
 */