// Assert that escapers throw null pointer exceptions.
    try {
      escaper.escape((String) null);
      Assert.fail("exception not thrown when escaping a null string");
    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
      // pass
    }
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that an escaper escapes the given character into the expected string.
   *
   * @param escaper the non-null escaper to test
   * @param expected the expected output string

    // Assert that escapers throw null pointer exceptions.
    try {
      escaper.escape((String) null);
      Assert.fail("exception not thrown when escaping a null string");
    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
      // pass
    }
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that an escaper escapes the given character into the expected string.
   *
   * @param escaper the non-null escaper to test
   * @param expected the expected output string

    * `url` (**obrigatório**): uma `str` com a URL da documentação externa.

### Criar Metadados para tags

Vamos tentar isso em um exemplo com tags para `users` e `items`.

Crie metadados para suas tags e passe-os para o parâmetro `openapi_tags`:

{* ../../docs_src/metadata/tutorial004.py hl[3:16,18] *}

  val data: String? by option("-d", "--data").help("HTTP POST data")

  val headers: List<String>? by option("-H", "--header").help("Custom header to pass to server").multiple()

  val userAgent: String by option(
    "-A",
    "--user-agent",
  ).help(
    "User-Agent to send to server",
  ).default(NAME + "/" + versionString())

* `File()`

you can also declare a group of `examples` with additional information that will be added to their **JSON Schemas** inside of **OpenAPI**.

### `Body` with `examples` { #body-with-examples }

Here we pass `examples` containing one example of the data expected in `Body()`:

{* ../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial003_an_py310.py hl[22:29] *}

### Example in the docs UI { #example-in-the-docs-ui }

        minThresholdPosition = pivotNewIndex;
      } else {
        break;
      }
      iterations++;
      if (iterations >= maxIterations) {
        @SuppressWarnings("nullness") // safe because we pass sort() a range that contains real Ts
        T[] castBuffer = (T[]) buffer;
        // We've already taken O(k log k), let's make sure we don't take longer than O(k log k).
        sort(castBuffer, left, right + 1, comparator);

A única coisa que a função retornada por `GzipRequest.get_route_handler` faz de diferente é converter o `Request` para um `GzipRequest`.

Fazendo isso, nosso `GzipRequest` irá cuidar de descomprimir os dados (se necessário) antes de passá-los para nossas *operações de rota*.

Depois disso, toda a lógica de processamento é a mesma.

* Create a `templates` object that you can reuse later.
* Declare a `Request` parameter in the *path operation* that will return a template.
* Use the `templates` you created to render and return a `TemplateResponse`, pass the name of the template, the request object, and a "context" dictionary with key-value pairs to be used inside of the Jinja2 template.

{* ../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py hl[4,11,15:18] *}

/// note

  @Override
  protected void setUp() throws Exception {
    map = MutableClassToInstanceMap.create();
  }

  public void testConstraint() {
    /*
     * We'll give ourselves a pass on testing all the possible ways of breaking the constraint,
     * because we know that newClassMap() is implemented using ConstrainedMap which is itself

        assertTrue(anonAuth.isAnonymous());
        assertFalse(anonAuth.isGuest());

        // Test user authentication
        NtlmPasswordAuthenticator userAuth = new NtlmPasswordAuthenticator("user", "pass".toCharArray());
        assertFalse(userAuth.isGuest());
        assertFalse(userAuth.isAnonymous());
    }

    /**
     * Test password in equals method
     */
    @Test