operations*

Later, when reading about how to structure bigger applications ([Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), possibly with multiple files, you will learn how to declare a single `dependencies` parameter for a group of *path operations*....

```

::: fastapi.Depends

## `Security()`

For many scenarios, you can handle security (authorization, authentication, etc.) with dependencies, using `Depends()`.

But when you want to also declare OAuth2 scopes, you can use `Security()` instead of `Depends()`.

You can import `Security()` directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Security
```

```Python hl_lines="1  3" title="app/routers/users.py"
{!../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/routers/users.py!}
```

### *Operações de Rota* com `APIRouter`

E então você o utiliza para declarar suas *operações de rota*.

Utilize-o da mesma maneira que utilizaria a classe  `FastAPI`:

```Python hl_lines="6  11  16" title="app/routers/users.py"
{!../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/routers/users.py!}
```

Hug inspirou partes do APIStar, e foi uma das ferramentas que eu achei mais promissora, ao lado do APIStar.

Hug ajudou a inspirar o **FastAPI** a usar _type hints_ do Python para declarar parâmetros, e para gerar um _schema_ definindo a API automaticamente.

Hug inspirou **FastAPI** a declarar um parâmetro de `resposta` em funções para definir cabeçalhos e cookies.

///

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;

/**
 * Hidden superclass of {@link Futures} that provides us a place to declare special GWT versions of
 * the {@link Futures#catching(ListenableFuture, Class, com.google.common.base.Function,
 * java.util.concurrent.Executor) Futures.catching} family of methods. Those versions have slightly

import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Hidden superclass of {@link FluentFuture} that provides us a place to declare special GWT
 * versions of the {@link FluentFuture#catching(Class, com.google.common.base.Function)
 * FluentFuture.catching} family of methods. Those versions have slightly different signatures.
 */

    * If it is not, the client will see a useful, clear error.
* Check if there is an optional query parameter named `q` (as in `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) for `GET` requests.
    * As the `q` parameter is declared with `= None`, it is optional.
    * Without the `None` it would be required (as is the body in the case with `PUT`).
* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, read the body as JSON:

     * supports version ranges and updates the given {@code parent} instance to match the returned {@code ModelSource}.
     * If {@code parent} declares a version range, the version corresponding to the returned {@code ModelSource} will
     * be set on the given {@code parent}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param parent The parent coordinates to resolve, must not be {@code null}.

   *       AbstractPackageSanityTests} doesn't know how to construct, the test will fail.
   *   <li>If there is no visible constructor or visible static factory method declared by {@code
   *       C}, {@code C} is skipped for serialization test, even if it implements {@link
   *       Serializable}.
   *   <li>Serialization test is not performed on method return values unless the method is a

## Mounting a **FastAPI** application

"Mounting" means adding a completely "independent" application in a specific path, that then takes care of handling everything under that path, with the _path operations_ declared in that sub-application.

### Top-level application

First, create the main, top-level, **FastAPI** application, and its *path operations*:

```Python hl_lines="3  6-8"