import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.ListFeature;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code add(int, Object)} operations on a list. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.ListTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */

RequestErrorModel: Type[BaseModel] = create_model("Request")
WebSocketErrorModel: Type[BaseModel] = create_model("WebSocket")


class FastAPIError(RuntimeError):
    """
    A generic, FastAPI-specific error.
    """


class ValidationException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, errors: Sequence[Any]) -> None:
        self._errors = errors

    def errors(self) -> Sequence[Any]:

* `bool`
* `bytes`

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial005.py hl[1] *}

### Generic types with type parameters

There are some data structures that can contain other values, like `dict`, `list`, `set` and `tuple`. And the internal values can have their own type too.

These types that have internal types are called "**generic**" types. And it's possible to declare them, even with their internal types.

    - [IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack Networking graduates to GA](#ipv4ipv6-dual-stack-networking-graduates-to-ga)
    - [HorizontalPodAutoscaler v2 graduates to GA](#horizontalpodautoscaler-v2-graduates-to-ga)
    - [Generic Ephemeral Volume feature graduates to GA](#generic-ephemeral-volume-feature-graduates-to-ga)
    - [Skip Volume Ownership change graduates to GA](#skip-volume-ownership-change-graduates-to-ga)

import com.google.common.collect.testing.WrongType;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.CollectionSize;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.MapFeature;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code get} operations on a map. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */

import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code putIfAbsent} operations on a concurrent map. Can't be
 * invoked directly; please see {@link
 * com.google.common.collect.testing.ConcurrentMapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> The returned map's values are guaranteed to be of type {@link List}. To obtain
   * this map with the more specific generic type {@code Map<K, List<V>>}, call {@link
   * Multimaps#asMap(ListMultimap)} instead.
   */
  @Override
  Map<K, Collection<V>> asMap();

  /**
   * Compares the specified object to this multimap for equality.

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> The returned map's values are guaranteed to be of type {@link List}. To obtain
   * this map with the more specific generic type {@code Map<K, List<V>>}, call {@link
   * Multimaps#asMap(ListMultimap)} instead.
   */
  @Override
  Map<K, Collection<V>> asMap();

  /**
   * Compares the specified object to this multimap for equality.

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.MapFeature;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code clear()} operations on a map. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 * @author Chris Povirk

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.MapFeature;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@link Map#forEach}. Can't be invoked directly; please see
 * {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible