* expected to be unequal. For example:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * EquivalenceTester.of(someStringEquivalence)
 *     .addEquivalenceGroup("hello", "h" + "ello")
 *     .addEquivalenceGroup("world", "wor" + "ld")
 *     .test();
 * }
 *
 * <p>Note that testing {@link Object#equals(Object)} is more simply done using the {@link

* Создайте файл `main.py` со следующим содержимым:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

        assertTrue(thrown instanceof CIFSException, "Thrown instance should also be CIFSException subtype");
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @NullAndEmptySource
    @ValueSource(strings = { "hello", " ", "unicode-∑" })
    @DisplayName("Message-only constructor: preserves provided message; null cause")
    void messageOnlyConstructor_preservesMessage(String message) {
        // Arrange & Act

### Buat app

* Buat file `main.py` dengan:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

Der Callback-*Pfad* kann einen <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.1.0.md#key-expression" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI-3-Ausdruck</a> enthalten, welcher Teile des ursprünglichen Requests enthalten kann, der an *Ihre API* gesendet wurde.

In diesem Fall ist es der `str`:

```Python
"{$callback_url}/invoices/{$request.body.id}"
```

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial009c.py hl[9:14,17] *}

Ahora en lugar de devolver:

```json
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

...este response devolverá:

```json
{
  "message": "Hello World"
}
```

Por supuesto, probablemente encontrarás formas mucho mejores de aprovechar esto que formatear JSON. 😉

## Clase de response predeterminada

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

	if err != nil {
		// Failed to create newbucket, abort.
		t.Fatalf("%s : %s", instanceType, err.Error())
	}

	var (
		nilBytes    []byte
		data        = []byte("hello")
		fiveMBBytes = bytes.Repeat([]byte("a"), 5*humanize.MiByte)
	)
	invalidMD5 := getMD5Hash([]byte("meh"))
	invalidMD5Header := md5Header([]byte("meh"))

	testCases := []struct {
		bucketName    string

    }

    @Test
    void testReadSecurityBuffer() {
        // Test readSecurityBuffer
        byte[] data = new byte[20];
        byte[] content = "Hello".getBytes();

        // Simulate a security buffer structure: length (2 bytes), length (2 bytes), offset (4 bytes)
        // Length = 5, Offset = 8