func NewDummyDataGen(totalLength, skipOffset int64) io.ReadSeeker {
	if totalLength < 0 {
		panic("Negative length passed to DummyDataGen!")
	}
	if skipOffset < 0 {
		panic("Negative rotations are not allowed")
	}

	skipOffset %= int64(len(alphabets))
	const multiply = 100
	as := bytes.Repeat(alphabets, multiply)
	b := as[skipOffset : skipOffset+int64(len(alphabets)*(multiply-1))]
	return &DummyDataGen{

type WarmBackendGetOpts struct {
	startOffset int64
	length      int64
}

// WarmBackend provides interface to be implemented by remote tier backends
type WarmBackend interface {
	Put(ctx context.Context, object string, r io.Reader, length int64) (remoteVersionID, error)
	PutWithMeta(ctx context.Context, object string, r io.Reader, length int64, meta map[string]string) (remoteVersionID, error)

			timeToResponse  time.Duration
			timeToFirstByte time.Duration
			outputBytes     int64 = -1 // -1: unknown output bytes
			headerBytes     int64
		)

		tc, ok := r.Context().Value(mcontext.ContextTraceKey).(*mcontext.TraceCtxt)
		if ok {
			statusCode = tc.ResponseRecorder.StatusCode
			outputBytes = int64(tc.ResponseRecorder.Size())
			headerBytes = int64(tc.ResponseRecorder.HeaderSize())

func TestParseCopyPartRangeSpec(t *testing.T) {
	// Test success cases.
	successCases := []struct {
		rangeString string
		offsetBegin int64
		offsetEnd   int64
	}{
		{"bytes=2-5", 2, 5},
		{"bytes=2-9", 2, 9},
		{"bytes=2-2", 2, 2},
		{"bytes=0000-0006", 0, 6},
	}
	objectSize := int64(10)

	for _, successCase := range successCases {
		rs, err := parseCopyPartRangeSpec(successCase.rangeString)
		if err != nil {

	if cardinality <= 0 {
		return -1
	}
	// use the faster version as per siphash docs
	// https://github.com/dchest/siphash#usage
	k0, k1 := binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(id[0:8]), binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(id[8:16])
	sum64 := siphash.Hash(k0, k1, []byte(key))
	return int(sum64 % uint64(cardinality))
}

// hashOrder - hashes input key to return consistent
// hashed integer slice. Returned integer order is salted

	bts := make([]byte, 0, v.Msgsize())
	bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	}
}

func BenchmarkUnmarshalrebalanceInfo(b *testing.B) {
	v := rebalanceInfo{}
	bts, _ := v.MarshalMsg(nil)
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {

	r      *io.PipeReader
	wg     *sync.WaitGroup
	buffer map[int64][]byte
	err    error

	nextOffset int64
	m          sync.Mutex
}

func (w *writerAt) WriteAt(b []byte, offset int64) (n int, err error) {
	w.m.Lock()
	defer w.m.Unlock()

	if w.nextOffset == offset {
		n, err = w.w.Write(b)
		w.nextOffset += int64(n)
	} else {
		if offset > w.nextOffset+ftpMaxWriteOffset {

	bts := make([]byte, 0, v.Msgsize())
	bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	}
}

func BenchmarkUnmarshalhealingTracker(b *testing.B) {
	v := healingTracker{}
	bts, _ := v.MarshalMsg(nil)
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {

		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("%s: <ERROR> %s", instanceType, err)
		}
		_, err = obj.PutObject(context.Background(), "bucket", "newPrefix2", mustGetPutObjReader(t, bytes.NewBufferString(uploadContent), int64(len(uploadContent)), "", ""), opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("%s: <ERROR> %s", instanceType, err)

}

// Test the predicted part size from the part index
func TestGetPartSizeFromIdx(t *testing.T) {
	// Create test cases
	testCases := []struct {
		totalSize    int64
		partSize     int64
		partIndex    int
		expectedSize int64
	}{
		// Total size is zero
		{0, 10, 1, 0},
		// part size 2MiB, total size 4MiB
		{4 * humanize.MiByte, 2 * humanize.MiByte, 1, 2 * humanize.MiByte},