The `password` "flow" is one of the ways ("flows") defined in OAuth2, to handle security and authentication.

OAuth2 was designed so that the backend or API could be independent of the server that authenticates the user.

But in this case, the same **FastAPI** application will handle the API and the authentication.

So, let's review it from that simplified point of view:

     */
    @Test
    void testGetAuthType() {
        // Arrange: Define the expected authentication type
        String expectedAuthType = "NTLM";

        // Act: Call the method under test
        String actualAuthType = ntlmRequest.getAuthType();

        // Assert: Verify that the returned authentication type is "NTLM"
        assertEquals(expectedAuthType, actualAuthType, "getAuthType should always return 'NTLM'.");

package org.codelibs.fess.app.pager;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;

/**
 * Pager class for web authentication configurations.
 * Provides pagination functionality and search criteria for web authentication listings.
 */
public class WebAuthPager implements Serializable {

    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    public WebAuthPager() {

import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.Constants;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.service.WebConfigService;
import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.client.http.Authentication;
import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.client.http.form.FormScheme;
import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.client.http.impl.AuthenticationImpl;
import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.client.http.ntlm.JcifsEngine;

    }

    /**
     * Returns the supplied authentication domain.
     *
     * @return A <code>String</code> containing the supplied domain.
     */
    public String getSuppliedDomain() {
        return this.suppliedDomain;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the supplied authentication domain for this message.
     *
     * @param suppliedDomain

/**
 * Abstract base class for search-related actions in the Fess search application.
 * Provides common functionality for search operations, including search form handling,
 * label management, user authentication, and search result processing.
 *
 * This class extends FessBaseAction and serves as the foundation for all search-related
 * web actions in the application.
 */

        }
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new signing digest using transport and authentication credentials.
     *
     * @param transport the SMB transport for this signing context
     * @param auth the NTLM password authentication credentials
     * @throws SmbException if MD5 algorithm is not available or key generation fails
     */

        final List<Authentication> basicAuthList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (final WebAuthentication webAuth : webAuthList) {
            basicAuthList.add(webAuth.getAuthentication());
        }
        paramMap.put(HcHttpClient.AUTHENTICATIONS_PROPERTY, basicAuthList.toArray(new Authentication[basicAuthList.size()]));

        // request header

OAuth2 with scopes is the mechanism used by many big authentication providers, like Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, X (Twitter), etc. They use it to provide specific permissions to users and applications.

Every time you "log in with" Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, X (Twitter), that application is using OAuth2 with scopes.

        }
        return result;
    }

    private static Authentication toAuthentication(org.apache.maven.artifact.repository.Authentication auth) {
        Authentication result = null;
        if (auth != null) {
            AuthenticationBuilder authBuilder = new AuthenticationBuilder();