new byte[] {(byte) 0xcd, (byte) 0xab, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00},
              0x0000abcd,
              null,
              "cdab0000"),
          new ExpectedHashCode(
              new byte[] {
                (byte) 0xef, (byte) 0xcd, (byte) 0xab, (byte) 0x00,
                (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00
              },
              0x00abcdef,
              0x0000000000abcdefL,

        new byte[] {
          0x01, (byte) 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x14, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x14,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18,
          0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00

        byte[] rawBytes = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 }; // Represents 0x04030201 (little-endian)
        AvFlags avFlags = new AvFlags(rawBytes);
        assertNotNull(avFlags, "AvFlags object should not be null");
        assertEquals(0x04030201, avFlags.getFlags(), "Flags should match the raw bytes (little-endian)");

        // Test with zero
        byte[] zeroBytes = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };

        byte[] originalHash = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 };
        AvChannelBindings avChannelBindings = new AvChannelBindings(originalHash);

        // Modify the original array after passing it to the constructor
        originalHash[0] = 0x00;

        // The value in AvChannelBindings should reflect the change since it stores a reference

    }

    /**
     * Test constructor with a malformed ASN.1 token.
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructor_MalformedToken() {
        // 1. GIVEN
        byte[] malformedToken = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 }; // Not a valid ASN.1 sequence
        Map<Integer, KerberosKey> keys = new HashMap<>();

        // 2. WHEN & 3. THEN
        PACDecodingException exception = assertThrows(PACDecodingException.class, () -> {

    /**
     * No lease caching
     */
    public static final int SMB2_LEASE_NONE = 0x00;

    /**
     * Read caching lease (R)
     */
    public static final int SMB2_LEASE_READ_CACHING = 0x01;

    /**
     * Handle caching lease (H)
     */
    public static final int SMB2_LEASE_HANDLE_CACHING = 0x02;

    /**
     * Write caching lease (W)
     */

class Smb2LeaseStateTest {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should define correct lease state constants")
    void testLeaseStateConstants() {
        assertEquals(0x00, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_NONE);
        assertEquals(0x01, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_READ_CACHING);
        assertEquals(0x02, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_HANDLE_CACHING);
        assertEquals(0x04, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_WRITE_CACHING);

	},
	{
		// Zstd default header.
		header: []byte{0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd},
		f:      formatZstd,
	},
	{
		// Zstd skippable frame header.
		header: []byte{0x2a, 0x4d, 0x18},
		f:      formatZstd,
	},
	{
		// LZ4
		header: []byte{0x4, 0x22, 0x4d, 0x18},
		f:      formatLZ4,
	},
	{
		// Snappy/S2 stream
		header: []byte{0xff, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00},
		f:      formatS2,
	},
	{

    void testReadUShortOutOfBounds() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { 0x02 };
        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -\u003e NtlmMessage.readUShort(a, 0));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readULong throws on too short array")
    void testReadULongOutOfBounds() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 };

@DisplayName("Hexdump Utility Tests")
class HexdumpTest extends BaseTest {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should convert byte array to hex string")
    void testToHexString() {
        // Given
        byte[] data = { 0x00, 0x0F, (byte) 0xFF, 0x7F, (byte) 0x80 };

        // When
        String result = Hexdump.toHexString(data);

        // Then
        assertNotNull(result);
        assertEquals("000FFF7F80", result);
    }

    @Test