* with a call to {@link Multimaps#synchronizedSetMultimap}.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> Do not modify either a key <i>or a value</i> of a {@code LinkedHashMultimap}
 * in a way that affects its {@link Object#equals} behavior. Undefined behavior and bugs will
 * result.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=

        assertEquals(123, newParams.get("key2"));

        // Verify that modifications to new instance don't affect original
        newParams.put("key3", "value3");
        assertTrue(newParams.containsKey("key3"));
        assertFalse(dataStoreParams.containsKey("key3"));

        // Verify that modifications to original don't affect new instance
        dataStoreParams.put("key4", "value4");

/**
 * Base class for multiset collection tests.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class AbstractMultisetTester<E> extends AbstractCollectionTester<E> {

Si vous ne voulez pas leur donner de valeur par défaut mais juste les rendre optionnels, utilisez `None` comme valeur par défaut.

Mais si vous voulez rendre un paramètre de requête obligatoire, vous pouvez juste ne pas y affecter de valeur par défaut :

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial005.py hl[6:7] *}

Ici le paramètre `needy` est un paramètre requis (ou obligatoire) de type `str`.

Si vous ouvrez une URL comme :

```

/**
 * Base class for list testers.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class AbstractListTester<E extends @Nullable Object> extends AbstractCollectionTester<E> {
  /*

 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class CollectionToStringTester<E> extends AbstractCollectionTester<E> {

 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class MapContainsValueTester<K, V> extends AbstractMapTester<K, V> {

 * com.google.common.collect.testing.SetTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class SetCreationTester<E> extends AbstractSetTester<E> {

/**
 * Tests {@link java.util.Set#hashCode}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class SetHashCodeTester<E> extends AbstractSetTester<E> {
  public void testHashCode() {

import org.junit.Ignore;

/** Tester for {@code BiMap.entrySet} and methods on the entries in the set. */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public class BiMapEntrySetTester<K, V> extends AbstractBiMapTester<K, V> {
  @MapFeature.Require(SUPPORTS_PUT)