from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: str | None = None
    full_name: str | None = None
    disabled: bool | None = None


def fake_decode_token(token):
    return User(

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI, status
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse

app = FastAPI()

items = {"foo": {"name": "Fighters", "size": 6}, "bar": {"name": "Tenders", "size": 3}}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def upsert_item(
    item_id: str,
    name: str | None = Body(default=None),
    size: int | None = Body(default=None),
):
    if item_id in items:
        item = items[item_id]
        item["name"] = name

Google、Facebook、Twitter、GitHubなど、他の認証/認可プロバイダを統合することも可能で、比較的簡単です。

最も複雑な問題は、それらのような認証/認可プロバイダを構築することですが、**FastAPI**は、あなたのために重い仕事をこなしながら、それを簡単に行うためのツールを提供します。

///

## **FastAPI** ユーティリティ

FastAPIは `fastapi.security` モジュールの中で、これらのセキュリティスキームごとにいくつかのツールを提供し、これらのセキュリティメカニズムを簡単に使用できるようにします。

次の章では、**FastAPI** が提供するこれらのツールを使って、あなたのAPIにセキュリティを追加する方法について見ていきます。

/// info

如果您正在使用容器，例如 Docker 或 Kubernetes，我将在下一章中告诉您更多相关信息：[容器中的 FastAPI - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank}。

特别是，当在 **Kubernetes** 上运行时，您可能**不想**使用 Gunicorn，而是运行 **每个容器一个 Uvicorn 进程**，但我将在本章后面告诉您这一点。

///

## Gunicorn with Uvicorn Workers

You can use:

* `HTTPException`
* `WebSocketException`

These exceptions can be imported directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import HTTPException, WebSocketException
```

::: fastapi.HTTPException

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: str | None = None
    full_name: str | None = None
    disabled: bool | None = None


def fake_decode_token(token):
    return User(

```

</div>

⚫️ **🏆 💡** 👈 👆 ✍ ⚖️ 📁 📟, ✍ ⚫️ &amp; 🏃 ⚫️ 🌐.

⚙️ ⚫️ 👆 👨‍🎨 ⚫️❔ 🤙 🎦 👆 💰 FastAPI, 👀 ❔ 🐥 📟 👆 ✔️ ✍, 🌐 🆎 ✅, ✍, ♒️.

---

## ❎ FastAPI

🥇 🔁 ❎ FastAPI.

🔰, 👆 💪 💚 ❎ ⚫️ ⏮️ 🌐 📦 🔗 &amp; ⚒:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "fastapi[all]"

---> 100%
```

</div>

...👈 🔌 `uvicorn`, 👈 👆 💪 ⚙️ 💽 👈 🏃 👆 📟.

/// note

{!../../docs_src/path_operation_configuration/tutorial001.py!}
```

각 상태 코드들은 응답에 사용되며, OpenAPI 스키마에 추가됩니다.

/// note | "기술적 세부사항"

다음과 같이 임포트하셔도 좋습니다. `from starlette import status`.

**FastAPI**는 개발자 여러분의 편의를 위해서 `starlette.status`와 동일한 `fastapi.status`를 제공합니다. 하지만 Starlette에서 직접 온 것입니다.

///

## 태그

(보통 단일 `str`인) `str`로 구성된 `list`와 함께 매개변수 `tags`를 전달하여, `경로 작동`에 태그를 추가할 수 있습니다:

```Python hl_lines="17  22  27"

from typing import Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: Union[str, None] = None
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None


def fake_decode_token(token):
    return User(

`OAuth2PasswordBearer` makes **FastAPI** know that it is a security scheme. So it is added that way to OpenAPI.

But `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm` is just a class dependency that you could have written yourself, or you could have declared `Form` parameters directly.

But as it's a common use case, it is provided by **FastAPI** directly, just to make it easier.

///