Although any other parameter declared normally (for example, the body with a Pydantic model) would still be validated, converted, annotated, etc.

But there are specific cases where it's useful to get the `Request` object.

## Use the `Request` object directly { #use-the-request-object-directly }

Let's imagine you want to get the client's IP address/host inside of your *path operation function*.

	}
	return hrange, nil
}

// checkCopyPartRangeWithSize adds more check to the range string in case of
// copy object part. This API requires having specific start and end  range values
// e.g. 'bytes=3-10'. Other use cases will be rejected.
func checkCopyPartRangeWithSize(rs *HTTPRangeSpec, resourceSize int64) (err error) {
	if rs == nil {
		return nil
	}
	if rs.IsSuffixLength || rs.Start >= resourceSize || rs.End >= resourceSize {

You can combine normal FastAPI *path operations* with GraphQL on the same application.

/// tip

**GraphQL** solves some very specific use cases.

It has **advantages** and **disadvantages** when compared to common **web APIs**.

Make sure you evaluate if the **benefits** for your use case compensate the **drawbacks**. 🤓

///

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package cmd

import "testing"

// Test parseCopyPartRange()
func TestParseCopyPartRangeSpec(t *testing.T) {
	// Test success cases.
	successCases := []struct {
		rangeString string
		offsetBegin int64
		offsetEnd   int64
	}{
		{"bytes=2-5", 2, 5},
		{"bytes=2-9", 2, 9},
		{"bytes=2-2", 2, 2},
		{"bytes=0000-0006", 0, 6},
	}

For example, you can raise a different exception, like `HTTPException`.

/// tip

This is a somewhat advanced technique, and in most of the cases you won't really need it, as you can raise exceptions (including `HTTPException`) from inside of the rest of your application code, for example, in the *path operation function*.

But it's there for you if you need it. 🤓

///

  }

  /**
   * Override to return a chaining listenableFuture that returns the result of getSuccessfulResult()
   * when inputFuture returns VALID_INPUT_DATA, and sets the exception to EXCEPTION in all other
   * cases.
   */
  protected abstract ListenableFuture<T> buildChainingFuture(ListenableFuture<Integer> inputFuture);

  /**
   * Override to return the result when VALID_INPUT_DATA is passed in to the chaining

<img src="/img/tutorial/extending-openapi/image04.png">

## Change Default Swagger UI Parameters { #change-default-swagger-ui-parameters }

FastAPI includes some default configuration parameters appropriate for most of the use cases.

It includes these default configurations:

{* ../../fastapi/openapi/docs.py ln[9:24] hl[18:24] *}

You can override any of them by setting a different value in the argument `swagger_ui_parameters`.

        * So, the user will have to log in again at some point later.
        * And if the token is stolen, the risk is less. It is not like a permanent key that will work forever (in most of the cases).
* The frontend stores that token temporarily somewhere.
* The user clicks in the frontend to go to another section of the frontend web app.
* The frontend needs to fetch some more data from the API.

		// Short; unchanged:
		{`C:\short.txt`, `C:\short.txt`},
		{`C:\`, `C:\`},
		{`C:`, `C:`},
		// The "long" substring is replaced by a looooooong
		// string which triggers the rewriting. Except in the
		// cases below where it doesn't.
		{`C:\long\foo.txt`, `\\?\C:\long\foo.txt`},
		{`C:/long/foo.txt`, `\\?\C:\long\foo.txt`},
		{`C:\long\foo\\bar\.\baz\\`, `\\?\C:\long\foo\bar\baz`},
		{`\\unc\path`, `\\unc\path`},

import com.google.common.testing.NullPointerTester;
import com.google.common.testing.SerializableTester;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Test cases for {@link HashBasedTable}.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public class HashBasedTableTest extends AbstractTableTest<Character> {

  @Override